Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mastaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. According to Kroonen, the term is likely a Celto-Germanic isogloss. Kroonen rejects the connection with Latin mālus, arguing that it requires a phonologically problematic pre-form *mazd-slo-. The term may be further related to Proto-Celtic *mazdyo- (whence Middle Irish maide) and Proto-Slavic *mostъ (“bridge, bridgework”), though Kroonen considers the Slavic terms to be borrowings from Germanic.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmɑs.tɑz/

Noun

*mastaz m

  1. rod, pole, perch
  2. bar, plank
  3. (nautical) mast

Inflection

Declension of *mastaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *mastaz *mastōz, *mastōs
vocative *mast *mastōz, *mastōs
accusative *mastą *mastanz
genitive *mastas, *mastis *mastǫ̂
dative *mastai *mastamaz
instrumental *mastō *mastamiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *mast
    • Old English: mæst
      • Middle English: mast
    • Old Frisian: *mast, *mest
      • Saterland Frisian: Mäst
      • West Frisian: mêst
    • Old Saxon: *mast
      • Middle Low German: mast
        • German Low German: Mast
    • Old Dutch: *mast
    • Old High German: mast
    • → Medieval Latin: mastus (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Norse: mastr

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*masta- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 357
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