Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dēdiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdɛː.ðiz/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tis (“putting, placement”)^[1] (through an intermediate form *dʰētís with oxytonic stress),^[2] from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do, to put”). Corresponds to *dōną +‎ *-þiz.

Noun

*dēdiz f^[1]

deed, act

Inflection

Declension of *dēdiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*dēdiz	*dēdīz
vocative	*dēdi	*dēdīz
accusative	*dēdį	*dēdinz
genitive	*dēdīz	*dēdijǫ̂
dative	*dēdī	*dēdimaz
instrumental	*dēdī	*dēdimiz

Derived terms

Related terms

*dōną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *dādi
- Old English: dǣd, dēd
  - Middle English: dede
    - English: deed
    - Scots: dede, ded, deid
- Old Frisian: dēd, dēde
  - Saterland Frisian: Däid
  - West Frisian: died
- Old Saxon: dād
  - Middle Low German: dât, dâde
    - German Low German: Daad
    - Low German: Daat, Dad
    - → Saterland Frisian: Doat
- Old Dutch: dāt
  - Middle Dutch: dâet
    - Dutch: daad
      - Afrikaans: daad
    - Limburgish: daod
- Old High German: tāt
  - Middle High German: tāt, dāt, tæte
    - German: Tat
    - Luxembourgish: Dot
Old Norse: dáð
- Icelandic: dáð
- Faroese: dáð
- Norwegian Nynorsk: dåd f or m
- Jamtish: dáð
- Elfdalian: dåð
- Old Swedish: dāþ
  - Swedish: dåd n
- Old Danish: dāth
  - Danish: dåd
    - Norwegian Bokmål: dåd
  - Scanian: dáð
- Gutnish: dad
Gothic: *𐌳𐌴𐌸𐍃 (*dēþs)

Etymology 2

Verbal adjective derived from *dōną (“to do”). Similar in construction to Sanskrit दधि (dadhi, “giving”), both being derived from the weak perfect stem.

Adjective

*dēdiz

doing, able to do, active

Inflection

Declension of *dēdiz (i-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*dēdiz	*dēdī	dēdį, -jatō	*dēdijai	*dēdijôz	*dēdijō
accusative	*dēdijanǭ	*dēdijǭ	dēdį, -jatō	*dēdijanz	*dēdijōz	*dēdijō
genitive	dēdijas, dēdīs	*dēdijaizōz	dēdijas, dēdīs	*dēdijaizǫ̂	*dēdijaizǫ̂	*dēdijaizǫ̂
dative	*dēdijammai	*dēdijaizōi	*dēdijammai	*dēdijaimaz	*dēdijaimaz	*dēdijaimaz
instrumental	*dēdijanō	*dēdijaizō	*dēdijanō	*dēdijaimiz	*dēdijaimiz	*dēdijaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*dēdijô	*dēdijǭ	*dēdijô	*dēdijaniz	*dēdijōniz	*dēdijōnō
accusative	*dēdijanų	*dēdijōnų	*dēdijô	*dēdijanunz	*dēdijōnunz	*dēdijōnō
genitive	*dēdīniz	*dēdijōniz	*dēdīniz	*dēdijanǫ̂	*dēdijōnǫ̂	*dēdijanǫ̂
dative	*dēdīni	*dēdijōni	*dēdīni	*dēdijammaz	*dēdijōmaz	*dēdijammaz
instrumental	*dēdīnē	*dēdijōnē	*dēdīnē	*dēdijammiz	*dēdijōmiz	*dēdijammiz

Descendants

Old English: *dǣde, in māndǣde
⇒ Old Saxon: *dādig, in mēndādig
- Middle Low German: mêndēdich, meindēdich
⇒ Old High German: *tatīg, in meintatīg
- Middle High German: meintætec, meintætic

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*dēdi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 92
^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*dēdi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 92

[Ringe_2006-2] Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[1]

[2]