Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burstiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier *bʰurstís, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥s-tí-s, from *bʰers- (“top, point”). Cognate with Latin fastīgō (“to sharpen to a point”),^[1] Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭí, “spike, point”).^[2]

Noun

*burstiz f^[2]

bristle

Inflection

Declension of *burstiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*burstiz	*burstīz
vocative	*bursti	*burstīz
accusative	*burstį	*burstinz
genitive	*burstīz	*burstijǫ̂
dative	*burstī	*burstimaz
instrumental	*burstī	*burstimiz

Derived terms

*burstilaz
- Proto-West Germanic: *burstil

Related terms

*bar(z)az

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *bursti, *burstā, *borstā
- Old English: byrst
  - Middle English: byrst, brust, bresse, brisse
    - Scots: byrst, byrs, birs
- Old Frisian: *berste
  - Saterland Frisian: Bäärste
- Old Saxon: *burst (< *bursti); bursta, *borsta (< *burstā, *borstā)
  - Middle Low German: bōrst, bōrste, bȫrst, bȫrste (both etyma are graphically indistinguishable)
    - German Low German: Bost, Böst, Büste, Büerste; (Westphalian forms with certain Old Saxon -o-) Boarste, Buoste
- Old High German: *burst (< *bursti, attested as plural pursti, burste); bursta, borsta (< *burstā, *borstā)
  - Middle High German: burst, bürst, bürste; burste, borste
    - Bavarian: Biaschtn
    - Central Franconian: Büesch, Böösch, Beerscht, Biescht; Buuscht
      - Hunsrik: Berst
      - Luxembourgish: Biischt (“brush”); Buuscht (“hair”)
    - East Central German: (Erzgebirge) Birscht, bèrschd
    - German: Bürste (“brush”); Borste (“bristle”)
- ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *burstil (see there for further descendants)
Old Norse: burst
- Icelandic: burst
- Faroese: bust
- Old Swedish: borst
  - Swedish: borst; Swedish: borste (perhaps influenced by German)
- Danish: børste
>? Vulgar Latin: *brustia, *bruscia (with *bruskaz, Icelandic brúskur)
- Old French: broche, broisse
  - French: brosse
  - Picard: brouche
  - Walloon: brouche, broushe
  - → Middle English: brusshe
    - English: brush
  - → Galician: brocha
  - → Portuguese: brocha
  - → Spanish: brocha
    - → Catalan: brotxa
    - → Cebuano: brotsa
    - → Tagalog: brotsa
- → Byzantine Greek: βρούτσα (broútsa), βούρτζα (boúrtza), βούρτσα (boúrtsa), βρούτζα (broútza)
  - Greek: βούρτσα (voúrtsa)
  - → Albanian: vurcë
  - → Bulgarian: ву́рца (vúrca)
  - → Ottoman Turkish: فرچه (fırça), فورچه (fırça, furça), ֆըրչա (fırça) — Armeno-Turkish
    - Turkish: fırça
    - → Arabic: فُرْشَة (furša)
    - → Armenian: ֆռչա (fṙčʻa)
    - → Bulgarian: ву́рча (vúrča), фу́рча (fúrča), фурча́ (furčá), фу́рца (fúrca)
    - → Ladino: furcha / פ׳ורג׳ה
    - → Laz: ჶურჭა (furç̌a)
    - → Persian: فرچه (ferče)
  - ⇒ Byzantine Greek: βρουτσίν (broutsín)
    - Pontic Greek: βουρτζίν (vourtzín), βουρτζί (vourtzí), φουρτζί (fourtzí)
      - → Armenian: վուրձին (vurjin) — Hamshen
    - → Armenian: վրձին (vrjin)

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fastīgō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 203
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Vladimir Orel (2003), “ƀurstiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “fastīgō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 203

[HGE-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Vladimir Orel (2003), “ƀurstiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64

[1]

[2]