Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
The present tense is from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-yé-ti, zero-grade yé-present of *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”), although this is uncertain.[1]
For the past tense see *wesaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbeu̯.nɑ̃/
Verb
*beuną
Inflection
This verb is suppletive. The past is conjugated with the strong class 5 stem wes-, the remainder with an irregular stem beu-.
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *biumi | *biwjǭ? | — | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *biusi | *biwjēs? | *beu | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *biuþi | *biwjē? | *beuþau | — | — | |
| 1st dual | *beū? | *biwīw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *biuþiz | *biwīþiz | *biudiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *beum | *biwīm | — | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *beud | *biwīþ | *beuþ | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *biunþi | *biwīn | *beunþau | — | — | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *was | *wēzį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *wast | *wēzīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *was | *wēzī | ||||
| 1st dual | *wēzū | *wēzīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *wēzudiz | *wēzīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *wēzum | *wēzīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *wēzud | *wēzīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *wēzun | *wēzīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *wesandz | — | ||||
Descendants
For past tense and participle forms, see the identical forms at *wesaną.
- *beuną (infinitive)
- *biumi (1st person singular present)
- *biusi (2nd person singular present) (see there for further descendants)
- *biuþi (3rd person singular present)
- *biunþi (3rd person plural present)
- *beu (2nd person singular imperative)
- *beuþ (2nd person plural imperative)
References
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*bʰu̯eh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 98