Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bautaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

    Uncertain. Kroonen considers it most likely derived from earlier *bauttan-, with *-tt- by Kluge's law from a root *bʰewt- or *bʰewdʰ- combined with a suffix starting with *n.[1] Traditionally derived from a root *bʰewd-. Alternatively from a root *bʰew- with a dental extension/suffix.

    Possible cognates include Latin *fūtō (“to strike”), fūstis (“stick, club”); Albanian butë (“tender”); Middle Irish búailid (“to beat, strike”); Old Irish fo·botha (“he threatened”); Albanian bahe (“sling”); Lithuanian baudžiù; Old Armenian բութ (butʻ).

    The Latin verb implies *bʰewt-, but this violates the rule that PIE roots do not contain a voiced aspirate along with a voiceless plosive. De Vaan suggests there was a substrate root of the form *būt-/bŭt-.[2]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈbɑu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/

    Verb

    *bautaną

    1. to beat, knock, bump, push

    Inflection

    Conjugation of *bautaną (strong class 7b)
    active voice passive voice
    present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
    1st singular *bautō *bautaų — *bautai ?
    2nd singular *bautizi *bautaiz *baut *bautazai *bautaizau
    3rd singular *bautidi *bautai *bautadau *bautadai *bautaidau
    1st dual *bautōz *bautaiw — — —
    2nd dual *bautadiz *bautaidiz *bautadiz — —
    1st plural *bautamaz *bautaim — *bautandai *bautaindau
    2nd plural *bautid *bautaid *bautid *bautandai *bautaindau
    3rd plural *bautandi *bautain *bautandau *bautandai *bautaindau
    past tense indicative subjunctive
    1st singular *bebaut *bebautį̄
    2nd singular *bebaust *bebautīz
    3rd singular *bebaut *bebautī
    1st dual *bebautū *bebautīw
    2nd dual *bebautudiz *bebautīdiz
    1st plural *bebautum *bebautīm
    2nd plural *bebautud *bebautīd
    3rd plural *bebautun *bebautīn
    present past
    participles *bautandz *bautanaz

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    References

    1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*bautan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 56
    2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “-fūtō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 253
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