Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/veeras
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Probably *veeri (“side, edge”) + *-as (the suffix is a variant of *-s), albeit this etymology is not without doubt. Semantically, the original sense could have been “someone who lives on the side or on the edge”, i.e. outside one's own location, hence a stranger.
Another possibility is borrowing from Proto-Germanic *weraz (“man”) (compare Old Norse verr) or Proto-Balto-Slavic *wī́ˀras (“man, male”) (compare Lithuanian výras (“man, husband”)).
Noun
*veeras
Adjective
*veeras
Inflection
Inflection of *veeras
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *veeras | *veerahët | |
| accusative | *veerahën | *veerahët | |
| genitive | *veerahën | *veerastën *veerahidën | |
| partitive | *veerasta | *veerahita | |
| inessive | *veerahëssa *veerahëhna |
*veerahissa *veerahihna | |
| elative | *veerahësta | *veerahista | |
| illative | *veerahësën | *veerahisën | |
| adessive | *veerahëlla | *veerahilla | |
| ablative | *veerahëlta | *veerahilta | |
| allative | *veerahëlën *veerahëlëk |
*veerahilën *veerahilëk | |
| essive | *veerassa | *veerahina | |
| translative | *veerahëksi | *veerahiksi | |
| instructive | *veerahën | *veerahin | |
| comitative | *veerassëk | *veerahinëk | |
| abessive | *veerahëtta | *veerahitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: võõras
- Finnish: vieras
- Ingrian: veeras
- Karelian:
- Livonian: vȭrõz
- Livvi: vieras
- Ludian: vieraz
- Veps: veraz
- Võro: võõras
- Votic: võõrõz
- → Proto-Samic: *vierēs
Further reading
- Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*vëëras”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][1] (in Finnish)
- “võõras”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
Alternative reconstructions
- *vëëras