Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/roocci

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Borrowed from Old East Norse *rōþs- (as part of *Rōþsland; the Old Norse term is related to the name of Swedish Roden (Roslagen), a region in eastern Sweden on the coast of Uppland.^[1] The Old East Norse term is reflected in Old Swedish Roþs, the genitive of Roþer (“Roslagen, Roden”). Ultimately akin to Old Norse róðr (“rowing”); see it for more.

Note that Schalin (2014) points out that this exact etymology is not without its issues, notably that it is not certain that *rōþs is even a correct (or rather, a chronologically accurate) genitive form, which may have instead been *rōþ(r)aʀ or *rōþrs. However, the alternative proposal of tracing the Finnic form back to a syncopated form like *rōþʀ or *rōðʀ poses its own issues.^[2] The final consonant cluster in *rōþrs could conceivably have been reduced to *-cc-.

Reconstruction

This term is not traditionally reconstructed to Proto-Finnic, as most traditional chronologies date Proto-Finnic to be older than this word (from the eighth-ninth century AD). According to Kallio (2014) however, this word is at least Common Finnic, being among some of the final words common between all Finnic languages.^[3]

Noun

*roocci

(Common Finnic) Swede (originally anyone from Roslagen)

Inflection

Inflection of *roocci

	singular	plural
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
nominative	*roocci	*rooc'it
accusative	*rooc'in	*rooc'it
genitive	*rooc'in	rooccidën rooccëjidën
partitive	*rooccida	*rooccëjita
inessive	rooc'issa rooc'ihna	rooccëjissa rooccëjihna
elative	*rooc'ista	*rooccëjista
illative	*rooccihën	*rooccëjisën
adessive	*rooc'illa	*rooccëjilla
ablative	*rooc'ilta	*rooccëjilta
allative	rooccilën rooccilëk	rooccëjilën rooccëjilëk
essive	*rooccina	*rooccëjina
translative	*rooc'iksi	*rooccëjiksi
instructive	*rooc'in	*rooccëjin
comitative	*rooccinëk	*rooccëjinëk
abessive	*rooc'itta	*rooccëjitta

Descendants

Estonian: rootsi, Rootsi, (archaic) roots
Finnish: ruotsi, Ruotsi
- Kven: Ruottii
- Meänkieli: Ruotti
Ingrian: rootsi, Rootsi
Karelian:
- North Karelian: ruočči, Ruočči
- South Karelian: ruočči, Ruočči
Livonian: rūotš, Rūotšmō
Livvi: ruočči, Ruočči
Ludian: ruoč
Veps: Ročinma
Võro: ru̬u̬tś, Roodsi
Votic: roottsi
→ Old East Slavic: Русь (Rusĭ) (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Novgorodian: Роусь (Rusĭ)
→ Proto-Permic:
- Komi-Permyak: роч (roć)
- Komi-Zyrian: роч (roć)
- Udmurt: ӟуч (dźuć)
→ Proto-Samic:
- Inari Sami: Ruotâ
- Kildin Sami: Рӯц (Rūc)
- Northern Sami: Ruoŧŧa
- Skolt Sami: Ruõcc
- Ume Sami: Ruohtsa

References

^ Mikko K. Heikkilä, Bidrag till Fennoskandiens språkliga förhistoria i tid och rum (2014). p. 189
^ Schalin, Johan: Scandinavian–Finnish Language Contact in the Viking Age in the Light of Borrowed Names. Joonas Ahola & Frog (eds.), Fibula, Fabula, Fact: The Viking Age in Finland, p. 428. Studia Fennica Historica 18 (2014)
^ Kallio, Petri: The Diversification of Proto-Finnic Joonas Ahola & Frog (eds.), Fibula, Fabula, Fact: The Viking Age in Finland, pp. 155-168. Studia Fennica Historica 18 (2014)[1]

[1] Mikko K. Heikkilä, Bidrag till Fennoskandiens språkliga förhistoria i tid och rum (2014). p. 189

[2] Schalin, Johan: Scandinavian–Finnish Language Contact in the Viking Age in the Light of Borrowed Names. Joonas Ahola & Frog (eds.), Fibula, Fabula, Fact: The Viking Age in Finland, p. 428. Studia Fennica Historica 18 (2014)

[3] Kallio, Petri: The Diversification of Proto-Finnic Joonas Ahola & Frog (eds.), Fibula, Fabula, Fact: The Viking Age in Finland, pp. 155-168. Studia Fennica Historica 18 (2014)[1]

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