Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/mendäk
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *mene-.
Most Eastern Finnic varieties (all except Livvi) have *mäne- instead of *mene-, a seemingly irregular one-off change. Pahomov (2017) explains the Livvi form as influence from "the back vowel(s) in Russian",[1] although without further clarification.
Verb
*mendäk (stem *mene-)[2]
- to go
Inflection
Inflection of *mendäk
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *menen | *menin | — | *mengon |
| 2nd sing. | *menet | *menit | *menek | *mengos |
| 3rd sing. | *menebi *meni |
*meni | *menkähen | *menkohen |
| 1st plur. | *menekmä | *menimä | *menkädemä | *menkodemä |
| 2nd plur. | *menektä | *menidä | *menkädä | *mengottä |
| 3rd plur. | *menebät *meni |
*meni | *menkähen | *menkohen |
| passive | *meneksen *menet'äksen |
*mentihen *menettisen |
*mentägäsen *menettäkähen |
*mentägosen *menettäkohen |
| connegative | *menek | — | *mengäk | *mengok |
| passive connegative | *menektäk | — | *mentägäk *menettägäk |
*mentägok *menettägok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *menekcin | *menicin | *mennen | |
| 2nd sing. | *menekcit | *menicit | *mennet | |
| 3rd sing. | *menekci | *menici | *menni | |
| 1st plur. | *menekcimä | *menicimä | *mennemä | |
| 2nd plur. | *menekcitä | *menicitä | *mennedä | |
| 3rd plur. | *menekci | *menici | *menni | |
| passive | *mendäkcisen *menet'äkcihen |
*menticisen *menetticihen |
*mentänesen *menettänehen | |
| connegative | *menekcik | *menicik | *mennek | |
| passive connegative | *mendäkcik *menet'äkcik |
*menticik *menetticik |
*mentänek *menettänek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *mendäk | present | *menebä | *mentäbä *menettäpä |
| infinitive 2 | *mente- | past | *mennüt | *mentü *menettü |
| gerund/supine | *menemä | negative | *menemät'oin | |
| action noun | *meneminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: minema/minna (merged with *läktedäk)
- Finnish: mennä
- Livvi: mennä
- Võro: minemä/minnäq (merged with *läktedäk)
- Votic: menne
From *mändäk (*mäne-):