Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ganyetor
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁yétor, deponent present of *ǵenh₁-.
Verb
*ganyetor[1]
- to be born
Inflection
The e-grade of the root in the future (instead of the expected zero-grade *-gn-) arose to distinguish the future of this verb and that of *gnināti (“to know”). This behaviour spread to other verbs derived from a root in the form *CeN(H)-.[1]
| Thematic present, deponent | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *ganyūr | — | *gigenāsūr | — |
| 2nd singular | *ganyetar | — | *gigenāsetar | — |
| 3rd singular | *ganyetor | ? | *gigenāsetor | — |
| 1st plural | *ganyommor | — | *gigenāsommor | — |
| 2nd plural | *ganyedwe | — | *gigenāsedwe | — |
| 3rd plural | *ganyontor | ? | *gigenāsontor | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *ganasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *ganasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *ganasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *ganasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *ganasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *ganasontor | — | — | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ganyonts | *ganyonte | *ganyontes |
| vocative | *ganyonts | *ganyonte | *ganyontes |
| accusative | *ganyontam | *ganyonte | *ganyontans |
| genitive | *ganyantos | *? | *ganyantom |
| dative | *ganyantei | *ganyantbom | *ganyantbos |
| instrumental | *ganyantī? | *ganyantbim | *ganyantbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ganyantī | *ganyantī | *ganyantiyās |
| vocative | *ganyantī | *ganyantī | *ganyantiyās |
| accusative | *ganyantīm | *ganyantī | *ganyantiyans |
| genitive | *ganyantyās | *? | *ganyantyom |
| dative | *ganyantyāi | *ganyantyābom | *ganyantyābos |
| instrumental | *? | *ganyantyābim | *ganyantyābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ganyont | *? | *ganyonta |
| vocative | *ganyont | *? | *ganyonta |
| accusative | *ganyont | *? | *ganyonta |
| genitive | *ganyantos | *? | *ganyantom |
| dative | *ganyantei | *? | *ganyantbos |
| instrumental | *ganyantī? | *? | *ganyantbis |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ganyomnos | *ganyomnou | *ganyomnoi |
| vocative | *ganyomne | *ganyomnou | *ganyomnoi |
| accusative | *ganyomnom | *ganyomnou | *ganyomnons |
| genitive | *ganyomnī | *ganyomnous | *ganyomnom |
| dative | *ganyomnūi | *ganyomnobom | *ganyomnobos |
| instrumental | *ganyomnū | *ganyomnobim | *ganyomnobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ganyomnā | *ganyomnai | *ganyomnās |
| vocative | *ganyomnā | *ganyomnai | *ganyomnās |
| accusative | *ganyomnam | *ganyomnai | *ganyomnans |
| genitive | *ganyomnās | *ganyomnous | *ganyomnom |
| dative | *ganyomnai | *ganyomnābom | *ganyomnābos |
| instrumental | *? | *ganyomnābim | *ganyomnābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ganyomnom | *ganyomnou | *ganyomnā |
| vocative | *ganyomnom | *ganyomnou | *ganyomnā |
| accusative | *ganyomnom | *ganyomnou | *ganyomnā |
| genitive | *ganyomnī | *ganyomnous | *ganyomnom |
| dative | *ganyomnūi | *ganyomnobom | *ganyomnobos |
| instrumental | *ganyomnū | *ganyomnobim | *ganyomnobis |
Descendants
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Schumacher, Stefan; Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004), Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Meid, →ISBN, pages 327-329