Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/ǹ-

This Proto-Bantu entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Bantu

Prefix

*ǹ-

Class 9 noun prefix.

Descendants

Northeast Bantu:
- Northeast Coast Bantu:
  - Sabaki:
    - Mijikenda:
      - Digo (E73): n-

Bende (F12): n-

Northeast Bantu:
- Great Lakes Bantu:
  - Nyoro-Ganda:
    - Tooro (J12): n-, extended en-
    - Luganda (J15): n-

Mbukushu (K333): n-

Sabi:
- Bemba (M42): n-, extended in-

Rufiji-Ruvuma:
- Mbinga:
  - Matengo (N13): in-/n-

Nyasa:
- Tumbuka (N21): n-
- Chichewa (N31): n-

Southern Bantu:
- Nguni:
  - Zulu (S42): n-, extended in-

Prefix

*ǹ-

Class 10 noun prefix.

Descendants

Northeast Bantu:
- Northeast Coast Bantu:
  - Sabaki:
    - Mijikenda:
      - Digo (E73): n-

Bende (F12): n-

Northeast Bantu:
- Great Lakes Bantu:
  - Nyoro-Ganda:
    - Tooro (J12): n-, extended en-
    - Luganda (J15): n-

Mbukushu (K333): n-

Sabi:
- Bemba (M42): n-, extended en-

Rufiji-Ruvuma:
- Mbinga:
  - Matengo (N13): in-/n-

Nyasa:
- Tumbuka (N21): n-
- Chichewa (N31): n-

Southern Bantu:
- Nguni:
  - Zulu (S42): zin-, extended izin- (prefixed with the pronominal/verbal concord)

Prefix

*ǹ-

1st person singular subject concord.
1st person singular object concord.

Descendants

Great Lakes Bantu:
- Luganda (J15): n-
- Tooro (J12): n-

Nyasa:
- Tumbuka (N21): ni-
- Chichewa (N31): ndi- (“1st person singular subject concord”)/-ndi- (“1st person singular object concord”)

Rufiji-Ruvuma:
- Ruvuma:
  - Yao (Africa) (P21): n- (“1st person singular subject concord”)/-n- (“1st person plural object concord”)

Shona:
- Shona (S10): ndi- (“1st person singular subject concord”)/-ndi- (“1st person singular object concord”)