Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ledús

This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ledʰ-der.

Proto-Indo-European *ledʰ-u-s?

Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús

Would seem to be from Proto-Indo-European *ledʰ-u-s, from a root *ledʰ-, with no apparent secure cognates.^[1] The closest possible cognate is Irish ladg (“snow”), while a connection with Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “stone”) is tenuous.^[2]

Noun

*ledús m^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

water in frozen form; ice

Inflection

Declension of *ledús (u-stem, mobile accent)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ledús	*lédūˀ	*lédawes
accusative	*lédun	*lédūˀ	*lédū⁽ˀ⁾ns
genitive	*ledáus	*ledawáu	*ledawṓn
locative	*ledḗuˀ	*ledawáu	*ledúšu
dative	*ledáwei	*ledúmā⁽ˀ⁾	*ledúmas
instrumental	*lédūˀ (early forms)	*ledúmāˀ	*ledúmīˀs
vocative	*ledáu	*lédūˀ	*lédawes

Descendants

East Baltic:
- Latgalian: lads
- Latvian: ledus
- Lithuanian: ledùs, lẽdas
- Samogitian: leds
West Baltic:
- Old Prussian: ladis
Proto-Slavic: *lȇdъ (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2015), “ledas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 277: “BSL *ledús”
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*lȇdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 270: “BSl. *ledús”
^ Nikolajev, S. L. (2012), “Vostočnoslavjanskije refleksy akcentnoj paradigmy d i indojevropejskije sootvetstvija slavjanskim akcentnym tipam suščestvitelʹnyx mužskovo roda s o- i u-osnovami*”, in Karpato-balkanskij dialektnyj landšaft: Jazyk i kulʹtura‎^[1] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 95: “*lȇdъ ― *lȇd”
^ Dybo, Vladimir A. (2014), “Балто-славянская акцентная система и итоги индоевропейской акцентологической реконструкции [Balto-Slavic accent system and the results of Indo-European accentological reconstruction]”, in Slavjanskij sbornik, Novi-Sad, kniga I‎^[2] (in Russian), volume 8, Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 19: “*lȇdu̍s”

[EDBIL-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2015), “ledas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 277: “BSL *ledús”

[EDSIL-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*lȇdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 270: “BSl. *ledús”

[3] Nikolajev, S. L. (2012), “Vostočnoslavjanskije refleksy akcentnoj paradigmy d i indojevropejskije sootvetstvija slavjanskim akcentnym tipam suščestvitelʹnyx mužskovo roda s o- i u-osnovami*”, in Karpato-balkanskij dialektnyj landšaft: Jazyk i kulʹtura‎^[1] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 95: “*lȇdъ ― *lȇd”

[4] Dybo, Vladimir A. (2014), “Балто-славянская акцентная система и итоги индоевропейской акцентологической реконструкции [Balto-Slavic accent system and the results of Indo-European accentological reconstruction]”, in Slavjanskij sbornik, Novi-Sad, kniga I‎^[2] (in Russian), volume 8, Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 19: “*lȇdu̍s”

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