Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ak-

This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷs.[1][2]

    Noun

    *ak- ?[1][2][3]

    1. eye

    Inflection

    As attested in Baltic and Slavic (feminine):

    Declension of *ak- (i-stem, unknown accent)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *akis *akīˀ *akejes
    accusative *akin *akīˀ *akī(ˀ)ns
    genitive *akeis *akejau *akejōn
    locative *akēiˀ *akejau *akišu
    dative *akei *akimā(ˀ) *akimas
    instrumental *akīˀ (early forms) *akimāˀ *akimīˀs
    vocative *akei *akīˀ *akejes

    As attested only in Slavic (neuter):

    Declension of *ak- (o-stem)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *aka *akai *akāˀ
    accusative *aka *akai *akāˀ
    genitive *akā *akāu(ˀ) *akōn
    locative *akai *akāu(ˀ) *akaišu
    dative *akōi *akamā(ˀ) *akamas
    instrumental *akōˀ *akamāˀ *akōis
    vocative *aka *akai *akāˀ
    Declension of *ak- (consonant stem)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *aka *akesīˀ *akesāˀ?
    accusative *aka *akesīˀ *akesāˀ?
    genitive *akeses *akesauš? *akesun
    locative *akes(i)? *akesauš? *akesišu
    dative *akesei *akesimō *akesimas
    instrumental *akesēˀ? *akesimō *akesimiš
    vocative *aka *akesīˀ *akesāˀ?

    Descendants

    • East Baltic:
    • West Baltic:
      • Old Prussian: ackis (nom. pl.)
    • Proto-Slavic: *ȍko, *oči du (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ȍko”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 365:*ok-
    2. 2.0 2.1 Derksen, Rick (2015), “akis”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 47:*ok-
    3. ^ Kim, Ronald (2018), “The Phonology of Balto-Slavic”, in Jared S. Klein, Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, editors, Handbook of Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook[1], Berlin: de Gruyter, →ISBN