-YÉÉL
Navajo
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Athabaskan *ɣeˑtɬʼ (“to become dark; to be quiet, calm”).
Cognate root found in Ahtna ghaetlʼ. Compare also Navajo hił (“darkness”).
Root
-YÉÉL
1. dark
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ł | adjectival |
S is dark |
|||||
| ł |
S becomes dark, night |
||||||
| yi + ∅ | ? |
S dreams
|
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| di + ł (ho) + di + ∅ |
adjectival |
S is calm
|
|||||
| di + ł (ho) + di + ∅ |
S becomes calm |
S calms O down
|
Stem set
| Aspect | Imperfective | Perfective | Future | Iterative | Optative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Momentaneous | -yeeł | -yéél | -yił | -yił | -yeeł |
| TRANS /CONT | -yeeł | -yeel | -yił | -yił | -yeeł |
| Neuter | -yeeł, -hił | -héél | — | — | — |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -YÉÉL (dark)
Navajo terms belonging to the root -YÉÉL (calm)