-ль

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-lь, from *-lъ +‎ *-ь. Compare -ель (-elʹ), -лый (-lyj).

Suffix

-ль • (-lʹf

  1. Unproductive suffix forming action nouns
    порасти́ (porastí, to grow shoots) + ‎-ль (-lʹ) → ‎по́росль (póroslʹ, shoots)
    прибы́ть (pribýtʹ, to rise) + ‎-ль (-lʹ) → ‎при́быль (príbylʹ, rise, increase)
    уста́ть (ustátʹ, to get tired) + ‎-ль (-lʹ) → ‎у́сталь (ústalʹ, fatigue)

Declension

Derived terms

Ukrainian

Etymology 1

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-lь, from *-lъ +‎ *-ь. Cognate with Russian -ль (-lʹ).

    Suffix

    -ль • (-lʹf

    1. Unproductive deverbal suffix used to form nouns denoting a product or a result
      гни́ти impf (hnýty, to rot) + ‎-ль (-lʹ) → ‎гниль f (hnylʹ, rot)
      цвісти́ impf (cvistý, to become mouldy) + ‎-ль (-lʹ) → ‎цвіль f (cvilʹ, mould)
      порости́ pf (porostý, to sprout) + ‎-ль (-lʹ) → ‎по́росль f (póroslʹ, sprouts, shoots, verdure)
    Declension
    Declension of -́ль
    (inan 3rd-decl fem-form accent-a)
    singular plural
    nominative -́ль
    -́lʹ
    -лі́
    -lí
    genitive -лі́
    -lí
    -ле́й
    -léj
    dative -лі́
    -lí
    -ля́м
    -ljám
    accusative -́ль
    -́lʹ
    -лі́
    -lí
    instrumental -лю́
    -ljú
    -ля́ми
    -ljámy
    locative -лі́
    -lí
    -ля́х
    -ljáx
    vocative -ле́
    -lé
    -лі́
    -lí
    Derived terms
    Ukrainian terms suffixed with -ль

    Etymology 2

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Suffix

    -ль • (-lʹf anim

    1. genitive plural of -ля (-lja)

    References