𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀇
Prakrit
Etymology
| Prakrit verb set |
|---|
| 𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀇 (buḍḍaï) |
| 𑀩𑁄𑀮𑁂𑀇 (bolei) |
Inherited from Proto-Middle Indo-Aryan *𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀢𑀺 (*buḍḍati), with further etymology unknown. Late Sanskrit व्रुडति (vruḍati), ब्रुडति (bruḍati), बोलयति (bolayati), and बुड्डति (buḍḍati) are artificial and derived from Prakrit. Turner reconstructs older *buḍyati for this term, with the causative *boḍayati, whence 𑀩𑁄𑀮𑁂𑀇 (bolei).
Dardic cognates include Kashmiri [script needed] (bŏḍun, “to sink, dive”). The metathesized variant *𑀟𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩- (*ḍubba-) may have occurred early given the Dardic cognates Pashayi [script needed] (ḍub-, “to be drowned”) and Kashmiri [script needed] (ḍubun, “to sink”).
Verb
𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀇 (buḍḍaï) (Devanagari बुड्डइ, Kannada ಬುಡ್ಡಇ) (intransitive) (attested in Māhārāṣṭrī)
Derived terms
- 𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟 (buḍḍa, “sunk”)
- 𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀺𑀭 m (buḍḍira, “buffalo”)
- 𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀸𑀯𑀇 (buḍḍāvaï, “cause to sink, submerge”)
Related terms
- 𑀩𑁄𑀮𑁂𑀇 (bolei), 𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀇 (bolaï, “cause to sink”)
Descendants
- Central Indo-Aryan:
- Old Hindi: बूडना (būḍanā)
- Hindi: बूड़ना (būṛnā)
- Urdu: بوڑنا (būṛnā)
- Old Hindi: बूडना (būḍanā)
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Northern Indo-Aryan:
- Kumaoni: बुड़णो
- Nepali: बुड़्नु (buṛnu)
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Lahnda: [script needed] (buḍḍaṇ), [script needed] (ḇuḍ̠aṇ), [script needed] (buḍḍā)
- Punjabi: ਬੁੱਦਣਾ (buddaṇā)
- Sindhi: [script needed] (ḇuḍ̠aṇu)
- Southern Indo-Aryan:
- Marathi: बुडणे (buḍṇe)
- Western Indo-Aryan:
- Gujarati: બુડવું (buḍvũ)
With metathesis of 𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀇 (buḍḍaï) > *𑀟𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀇 (*ḍubbaï):
- Central Indo-Aryan:
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Northern Indo-Aryan:
- Kumaoni: डुबणो
- Nepali: डुब्नु (ḍubnu)
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Southern Indo-Aryan:
- Marathi: डुबणे (ḍubṇe, “drown”), डुबकणे (ḍubakṇe, “dive”), डुबकळणे (ḍubkaḷṇe), डुंबणे (ḍumbṇe), डुंभणे (ḍumbhṇe), डुमणे (ḍumṇe)
- Western Indo-Aryan:
- Gujarati: ડૂબવું (ḍūbvũ)
From a late Northwestern variant *𑀝𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀇 (*ṭubbaï):
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Lahnda: [script needed] (ṭubbaṇ, “dive”), [script needed] (ṭuḇḇaṇ)
- Punjabi: ਟੁੱਬਣਾ (ṭubbaṇā)
- Sindhi: [script needed] (ṭuḇaṇu)
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “buḍyati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928), “बुड्डइ”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 235