𑀓𑀸𑀠

Prakrit

Etymology

    Inherited from Sanskrit क्वाथ (kvāthá), with spontaneous retroflexion.[1]

    Noun

    𑀓𑀸𑀠 (kāḍham (Devanagari काढ, Kannada ಕಾಢ) (attested in Māhārāṣṭrī, Māgadhī) [2]

    1. decoction of medicinal herbs

    Declension

    Magadhi declension of 𑀓𑀸𑀠 (masculine)
    singular plural
    Nominative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂 (kāḍhe) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸 (kāḍhā)
    Accusative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀁 (kāḍhaṃ) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂 (kāḍhe)
    Instrumental 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀡 (kāḍheṇa) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀡𑀁 (kāḍheṇaṃ) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀳𑀺 (kāḍhehi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (kāḍhehiṃ)
    Dative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀅 (kāḍhāa)
    Ablative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀤𑁄 (kāḍhādo) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (kāḍhatto) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (kāḍhāhiṃto) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀤𑀼 (kāḍhādu) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀳𑀺 (kāḍhāhi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸 (kāḍhā) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀰𑀼𑀁𑀢𑁄 (kāḍhaśuṃto) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀰𑀼𑀁𑀢𑁄 (kāḍheśuṃto) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (kāḍhāhiṃto) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀳𑀺 (kāḍhāhi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀳𑀺 (kāḍhehi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀑 (kāḍhāo) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀉 (kāḍhāu) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (kāḍhatto) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀤𑁄 (kāḍhādo) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀤𑀼 (kāḍhādu)
    Genitive 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀰𑁆𑀰 (kāḍhaśśa) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀳 (kāḍhāha) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀡𑀁 (kāḍhāṇaṃ) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀳𑀁 (kāḍhāhaṃ)
    Locative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂 (kāḍhe) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (kāḍhamhi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (kāḍhammi) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀰𑀼 (kāḍheśu) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀰𑀼𑀁 (kāḍheśuṃ)
    Vocative 𑀓𑀸𑀠 (kāḍha) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂 (kāḍhe) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸 (kāḍhā)
    Maharastri declension of 𑀓𑀸𑀠 (masculine)
    singular plural
    Nominative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁄 (kāḍho) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸 (kāḍhā)
    Accusative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀁 (kāḍhaṃ) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂 (kāḍhe) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸 (kāḍhā)
    Instrumental 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀡 (kāḍheṇa) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀡𑀁 (kāḍheṇaṃ) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀳𑀺 (kāḍhehi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (kāḍhehiṃ)
    Dative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀅 (kāḍhāa)
    Ablative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀑 (kāḍhāo) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀉 (kāḍhāu) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸 (kāḍhā) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀳𑀺 (kāḍhāhi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (kāḍhāhiṃto)
    Genitive 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀲𑁆𑀲 (kāḍhassa) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀡 (kāḍhāṇa) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸𑀡𑀁 (kāḍhāṇaṃ)
    Locative 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (kāḍhammi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂 (kāḍhe) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀲𑀼 (kāḍhesu) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (kāḍhesuṃ)
    Vocative 𑀓𑀸𑀠 (kāḍha) or 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸 (kāḍhā) 𑀓𑀸𑀠𑀸 (kāḍhā)

    Descendants

    • Central Indo-Aryan:
    • Eastern Indo-Aryan:
      • Assamese: কাঢ়া (karha)
      • Bengali: কাঢ়া (kaṛha)
      • Maithili:
        Devanagari script: काढ़ा (kāṛhā)
        Tirhuta script: 𑒏𑒰𑒜𑓃𑒰 (kāṛhā)
      • Odia: କାଢ଼ା (kāṛhā)
      • Sylheti: ꠇꠣꠓꠣ (xaḍá)
    • Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
      • Punjabi:
        Gurmukhi script: ਕਾੜ੍ਹਾ (kāṛhā)
        Shahmukhi script: کاڑھا (kāṛhā)
      • Sindhi:
        Khudabadi script: 𑊺𑋠𑋋𑋩𑋧 (kāṛho)
        Devanagari script: काढ़ो (kāṛho)
        Arabic script: ڪاڙهو (kāṛho)
    • Southern Indo-Aryan:
      • Old Marathi:
        Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘛𑘰 (kāḍhā)
        Devanagari script: काढा (kāḍhā)
    • Western Indo-Aryan:
      • Gujarati: કાઢો (kāḍho)
      • Marwari: काढौ (kāḍhau)

    References

    1. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kvāthá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 188
    2. ^ Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928), “काढ”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].