𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧

Prakrit

Etymology 1

Imitative of baby talk. Compare Proto-Dravidian *appa.[1]

Noun

𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa) m (Devanagari अप्प) [1]

  1. dad, papa
Descendants
  • Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Western Indo-Aryan:

Etymology 2

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₁t-
Proto-Indo-European *-mō
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éh₁tmō
Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáHtmā
Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātman)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧

    Inherited from Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātman).[2]

    Noun

    𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa) (Devanagari अप्प, Gujarati અપ્પ, Kannada ಅಪ್ಪ) (attested in Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Jain Śaurasenī) [2][3][4]

    2. self
    3. soul, creature, consciousness
    4. body
    5. nature, form
    Usage notes

    Nominative form is 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (appā), remaining forms decline with 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀡- (appaṇa-).

    Alternative forms
    Derived terms
    • 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀡𑀬 (appaṇaya, “own”)
    Descendants
    • Central Indo-Aryan:
      • Hindustani:
        • Hindi: आप (āp, “you”)
        • Urdu: آپ (āp, “you”)
    • Eastern Indo-Aryan:
    • Insular Indo-Aryan:
    • Northern Indo-Aryan:
      • Garhwali: अप्णु (apṇu)
      • Kumaoni: आप (āp)
      • Nepali: आफू (āphū)
    • Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
      • Punjabi:
        • Gurmukhi script: ਆਪ (āpa, “you”), (dialectal) ਆਪਾਂ (āpā̃)
        • Shahmukhi script: آپ (āp, “you”), (dialectal) آپاں (āpāṉ)
      • Sindhi:
        • Khudabadi script: 𑊸𑊼𑋣𑋑 (pāṇa)
        • Devanagari script: पाण (pāṇa)
        • Arabic script: پاڻ (pāṇa)
    • Southern Indo-Aryan:
    • Western Indo-Aryan:
      • Gujarati: આપું (āpũ), આપણે (āpaṇe)
      • Romani: pes (“himself; herself”)

    Etymology 3

    Adjective

    𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa) (Devanagari अप्प)

    1. alternative form of 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀢 (atta, “reached”)

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “appa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 23
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “ātman”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
    3. ^ Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928), “अप्प”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
    4. ^ Pischel, Richard; Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957), Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 285
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