비겁하다
Korean
Etymology
비겁(卑怯) (bigeop) + -하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈpi(ː)ɡʌ̹pʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [비(ː)거파다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | bigeophada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | bigeobhada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pigŏphada |
| Yale Romanization? | pīkep.hata |
Adjective
비겁하다 • (bigeophada) (infinitive 비겁해 or 비겁하여, sequential 비겁하니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 비겁하다 (bigeophada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 비겁하다 bigeophada |
비겁해 bigeophae |
비겁해요 bigeophaeyo |
비겁합니다 bigeophamnida |
| Past | 비겁했다 bigeophaetda |
비겁했어 bigeophaesseo |
비겁했어요 bigeophaesseoyo |
비겁했습니다 bigeophaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 비겁하냐 bigeophanya |
비겁해 bigeophae |
비겁해요 bigeophaeyo |
비겁합니까 bigeophamnikka |
| Past | 비겁했느냐 bigeophaenneunya |
비겁했어 bigeophaesseo |
비겁했어요 bigeophaesseoyo |
비겁했습니까 bigeophaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 비겁하겠다 bigeophagetda |
비겁하겠어 bigeophagesseo |
비겁하겠어요 bigeophagesseoyo |
비겁하겠습니다 bigeophagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 비겁해 bigeophae |
비겁해서, 비겁하여서 bigeophaeseo, bigeophayeoseo |
비겁하니 bigeophani |
비겁하니까 bigeophanikka | |
| Contrast | 비겁하지만 bigeophajiman |
비겁한데 bigeophande |
비겁하더니 bigeophadeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 비겁하고 bigeophago |
||||
| Condition | 비겁하면 bigeophamyeon |
비겁해야, 비겁하여야 bigeophaeya, bigeophayeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 비겁함 bigeopham |
비겁하기 bigeophagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 비겁했음, 비겁하였음 bigeophaesseum, bigeophayeosseum |
비겁했기, 비겁하였기 bigeophaetgi, bigeophayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 비겁한 bigeophan | |||
| Future | 비겁할 bigeophal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 비겁하시다 bigeophasida |
비겁하셔 bigeophasyeo |
비겁하세요, 비겁하셔요 bigeophaseyo, bigeophasyeoyo |
비겁하십니다 bigeophasimnida |
| Past | 비겁하셨다 bigeophasyeotda |
비겁하셨어 bigeophasyeosseo |
비겁하셨어요 bigeophasyeosseoyo |
비겁하셨습니다 bigeophasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 비겁하시냐 bigeophasinya |
비겁하셔 bigeophasyeo |
비겁하세요, 비겁하셔요 bigeophaseyo, bigeophasyeoyo |
비겁하십니까 bigeophasimnikka |
| Past | 비겁하셨느냐 bigeophasyeonneunya |
비겁하셨어 bigeophasyeosseo |
비겁하셨어요 bigeophasyeosseoyo |
비겁하셨습니까 bigeophasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 비겁하시겠다 bigeophasigetda |
비겁하시겠어 bigeophasigesseo |
비겁하시겠어요 bigeophasigesseoyo |
비겁하시겠습니다 bigeophasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 비겁하셔 bigeophasyeo |
비겁하셔서 bigeophasyeoseo |
비겁하시니 bigeophasini |
비겁하시니까 bigeophasinikka | |
| Contrast | 비겁하시지만 bigeophasijiman |
비겁하신데 bigeophasinde |
비겁하시더니 bigeophasideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 비겁하시고 bigeophasigo |
||||
| Condition | 비겁하시면 bigeophasimyeon |
비겁하셔야 bigeophasyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 비겁하심 bigeophasim |
비겁하시기 bigeophasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 비겁하셨음 bigeophasyeosseum |
비겁하셨기 bigeophasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 비겁하신 bigeophasin | |||
| Future | 비겁하실 bigeophasil | ||||