頂戴
See also: 顶戴
Chinese
go against; most; peak go against; most; peak; top; to replace; to substitute; a measure word (use with "hat") |
to put on; to respect; to bear to put on; to respect; to bear; to support; wear (glasses, hat, gloves) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (頂戴) | 頂 | 戴 | |
| simp. (顶戴) | 顶 | 戴 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: dǐngdài
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǐngdài
- Wade–Giles: ting3-tai4
- Yale: dǐng-dài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diingday
- Palladius: диндай (dindaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: téng-tài
- Tâi-lô: tíng-tài
- Phofsit Daibuun: defngdaix
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tai⁴¹/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tai¹¹/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tai²¹/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
頂戴
Noun
頂戴
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 頂 | 戴 |
| ちょう Grade: 6 |
だい Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese compound 頂戴 (MC tengX tojH). Compare modern Mandarin 頂戴／顶戴 (dǐngdài).
Pronunciation
Noun
頂戴 • (chōdai)
- (humble, formal, archaic) a humble submission, a humble contribution made to someone of higher status
- (humble, formal, archaic) a humble reception or receiving of something
- (informal) to request: compare English please, gimme
Usage notes
When used as please or gimme, this is used as a kind of command form. This imperative sense is added after the desired noun with the object particle を (o) optional, or after the て (te) or conjunctive form of the desired verb. This usage is almost always written in hiragana, and is mostly used by women and children.
The other usages are generally written in kanji.
Synonyms
- (please give me, for nouns): 下さい (ください, kudasai)
- (please, for verbs): 下さい (ください, kudasai) (after -te form of verb)
Derived terms
- 頂戴物 (ちょうだいもの, chōdaimono): a gift
Verb
頂戴する • (chōdai suru) transitive suru (stem 頂戴し (chōdai shi), past 頂戴した (chōdai shita))
- (humble, formal) to receive something
- 先月は結構なものを頂戴して誠にありがとうございました。
- Sengetsu wa kekkō na mono o chōdai shite makoto ni arigatō gozaimashita.
- Thank you very much for quite the gift I received [from you] last month.
- 先月は結構なものを頂戴して誠にありがとうございました。
- to eat, to have a meal
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 頂戴し | ちょうだいし | chōdai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 頂戴し | ちょうだいし | chōdai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 頂戴する | ちょうだいする | chōdai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 頂戴する | ちょうだいする | chōdai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 頂戴すれ | ちょうだいすれ | chōdai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 頂戴せよ¹ 頂戴しろ² |
ちょうだいせよ¹ ちょうだいしろ² |
chōdai seyo¹ chōdai shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 頂戴される | ちょうだいされる | chōdai sareru |
| Causative | 頂戴させる 頂戴さす |
ちょうだいさせる ちょうだいさす |
chōdai saseru chōdai sasu |
| Potential | 頂戴できる | ちょうだいできる | chōdai dekiru |
| Volitional | 頂戴しよう | ちょうだいしよう | chōdai shiyō |
| Negative | 頂戴しない | ちょうだいしない | chōdai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 頂戴せず | ちょうだいせず | chōdai sezu |
| Formal | 頂戴します | ちょうだいします | chōdai shimasu |
| Perfective | 頂戴した | ちょうだいした | chōdai shita |
| Conjunctive | 頂戴して | ちょうだいして | chōdai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 頂戴すれば | ちょうだいすれば | chōdai sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
Synonyms
- 頂く (いただく, itadaku)
References
- “頂戴”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026