離散

Chinese

		to leave; to depart; to go away to leave; to depart; to go away; from	adjourn; scatter; leisurely adjourn; scatter; leisurely; loosen; powdered medicine; to scatter; to come loose
trad. (離散)		離	散
simp. (离散)		离	散

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lísàn

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˊ ㄙㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lei⁴ saan³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lì-san
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lī-sàn / lî-sàn / lī-sòaⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lísàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ ㄙㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lísàn
  - Wade–Giles: li²-san⁴
  - Yale: lí-sàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lisann
  - Palladius: лисань (lisanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li³⁵ sän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lei⁴ saan³
  - Yale: lèih saan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lei⁴ saan³
  - Guangdong Romanization: léi⁴ san³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lei̯²¹ saːn³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lì-san
  - Hakka Romanization System: li^ˇ san
  - Hagfa Pinyim: li² san⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /li¹¹ san⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lī-sàn
  - Tâi-lô: lī-sàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lixsaxn
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /li²²⁻²¹ san²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /li⁴¹⁻²² san⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lî-sàn
  - Tâi-lô: lî-sàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lisaxn
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /li²⁴⁻¹¹ san¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /li²³⁻³³ san²¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lī-sòaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: lī-suànn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lixsvoax
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /li³³⁻²¹ suã²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /li³³⁻¹¹ suã¹¹/

Verb

離散

to be separated from one another

Synonyms

失散 (shīsàn)

Adjective

離散

scattered about; dispersed
(mathematics, attributive) discrete

Derived terms

離散化 / 离散化 (lísànhuà)
離散度 / 离散度 (lísàndù)
離散性 / 离散性 (lísànxìng)
離散數學 / 离散数学 (lísàn shùxué)
骨肉離散 / 骨肉离散

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (離散):

→ Japanese: 離散(りさん) (risan)
→ Korean: 이산(離散) (isan)
→ Vietnamese: li tán (離散)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
離	散
り Grade: S	さん Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) りさん [rìsáń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɾʲisã̠ɴ]

Noun

離(り)散(さん) • (risan)

dispersion^[2]

Verb

離(り)散(さん)する • (risan suru) intransitive suru (stem 離(り)散(さん)し (risan shi), past 離(り)散(さん)した (risan shita))

disperse; break up

Conjugation

Conjugation of "離散する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	離散し	りさんし	risan shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	離散し	りさんし	risan shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	離散する	りさんする	risan suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	離散する	りさんする	risan suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	離散すれ	りさんすれ	risan sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	離散せよ¹ 離散しろ²	りさんせよ¹ りさんしろ²	risan seyo¹ risan shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	離散される	りさんされる	risan sareru
Causative	離散させる離散さす	りさんさせるりさんさす	risan saseru risan sasu
Potential	離散できる	りさんできる	risan dekiru
Volitional	離散しよう	りさんしよう	risan shiyō
Negative	離散しない	りさんしない	risan shinai
Negative continuative	離散せず	りさんせず	risan sezu
Formal	離散します	りさんします	risan shimasu
Perfective	離散した	りさんした	risan shita
Conjunctive	離散して	りさんして	risan shite
Hypothetical conditional	離散すれば	りさんすれば	risan sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
^ Taishukan's Genius Japanese-English Dictionary, Tōkyō: Taishukan, 1998.

“離散”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026