酩酊

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (酩酊)		酩	酊
simp. ^#(酩酊)		酩	酊
alternative forms		茗艼

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mǐngdǐng, míngdǐng

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄧㄥˇ, ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ming⁵ ding²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bêng-téng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mǐngdǐng [Phonetic: míngdǐng]
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄧㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mǐngdǐng
  - Wade–Giles: ming³-ting³
  - Yale: mǐng-dǐng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miingdiing
  - Palladius: миндин (mindin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: míngdǐng
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: míngdǐng
  - Wade–Giles: ming²-ting³
  - Yale: míng-dǐng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mingdiing
  - Palladius: миндин (mindin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ming⁵ ding²
  - Yale: míhng díng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ming⁵ ding²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ming⁵ ding²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɪŋ¹³ tɪŋ³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bêng-téng
  - Tâi-lô: bîng-tíng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bengdeang
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: mengX tengX

Rime
Character	酩	酊
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	青 (125)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	莫迥切	都挺切
Baxter	mengX	tengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/meŋ^X/	/teŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/meŋ^X/	/teŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/mɛŋ^X/	/tɛŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mɛjŋ^X/	/tɛjŋ^X/
Li Rong	/meŋ^X/	/teŋ^X/
Wang Li	/mieŋ^X/	/tieŋ^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mieŋ^X/	/tieŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mǐng	dǐng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ming⁵	ding²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*meːŋʔ teːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	酩	酊
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9184	2389
Phonetic component	名	丁
Rime group	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	茗	頂
Old Chinese	/*meːŋʔ/	/*teːŋʔ/

Adjective

酩酊

(ideophonic) heavily intoxicated; inebriated; dead drunk
- 勸君終日酩酊醉，酒不到劉伶墳上土！ [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  劝君终日酩酊醉，酒不到刘伶坟上土！ [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: c. 816, 李賀 (Li He),《將進酒》(Let Wine Be Brought in!) translation based on J. D. Frodsham's version
  Quàn jūn zhōngrì mǐngdǐng zuì, jiǔ bùdào Liú Líng fén shàng tǔ! [Pinyin]
  I beg you to stay quite drunk to the end of your days, for no one pours wine over Liu Ling's tomb anymore.
- 但將酩酊酬佳節，不用登臨恨落暉。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  但将酩酊酬佳节，不用登临恨落晖。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: 13 Oct. 845, 杜牧 (Du Mu),《九日齊山登高》(Ascending Mt Qi on Double Ninth Festival)
  Dàn jiāng mǐngdǐng chóu jiājié, bùyòng dēnglín hèn luòhuī. [Pinyin]
  We shall get utterly drunk to celebrate this festive occasion,
  Spare no sighs for the sinking sun as we enjoy the scenery.
- 深夜歸來長酩酊，扶入流蘇猶未醒。 [Ci, trad.]
  深夜归来长酩酊，扶入流苏犹未醒。 [Ci, simp.]
  From: circa 900?, 韋莊 (Wei Zhuang),《天仙子》其二
  Shēnyè guīlái cháng mǐngdǐng, fú rù liúsū yóuwèi xǐng. [Pinyin]
  Returning late at night, steeped in drunken haze,
  Half-carried to the tasseled bed, still lost in dreams' maze.

Derived terms

判酩酊
山公酩酊
酩酊大醉 (mǐngdǐngdàzuì)
酩酊爛醉 / 酩酊烂醉

Japanese

Kanji in this term
酩	酊
めい Hyōgai	てい Hyōgai
kan'on

Etymology

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 酩酊 (MC mengX tengX).^[1]

First attested in the Man'yōshū poetry anthology, completed in 759 CE.^[1]

Also encountered historically with the voiced pronunciation meidei, although this appears to have fallen out of use.^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) めーてー [mèétéé] (Heiban – [0])^[3]^[4]^[5]
IPA^(key): [me̞ːte̞ː]

Noun

酩(めい)酊(てい) • (meitei) ^{←めいてい (meitei)^?}

[from 759] (formal) extreme inebriation, drunkenness, intoxication
酩酊(めいてい)状態(じょうたい)
meitei jōtai
state of inebriation

Verb

酩(めい)酊(てい)する • (meitei suru) ^{←めいてい (meitei)^?}suru (stem 酩(めい)酊(てい)し (meitei shi), past 酩(めい)酊(てい)した (meitei shita))

[from 759] (formal) to be very inebriated, drunk, intoxicated
- 2014, ShibayanRecords, “クライム・ストーリーときみのウソ [CRIME STORY to Kimi no uso, Crime Story and Your Lies]”, milka (lyrics), Shibayan (music):
  酩酊する感情を捨てちゃってもまだ淋しいの
   迷走する純情なんて言葉の向こうに投げ出すの
  Meitei suru kanjō o sutechatte mo mada sabishii no
  Meisō suru junjō nante kotoba no mukō ni nagedasu no
  Even if I forgo these intoxicated emotions, solitude lingers still.
  This aimless pure heart, I hurl beyond the edge of words.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "酩酊する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	酩酊し	めいていし	meitei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	酩酊し	めいていし	meitei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	酩酊する	めいていする	meitei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	酩酊する	めいていする	meitei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	酩酊すれ	めいていすれ	meitei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	酩酊せよ¹ 酩酊しろ²	めいていせよ¹ めいていしろ²	meitei seyo¹ meitei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	酩酊される	めいていされる	meitei sareru
Causative	酩酊させる酩酊さす	めいていさせるめいていさす	meitei saseru meitei sasu
Potential	酩酊できる	めいていできる	meitei dekiru
Volitional	酩酊しよう	めいていしよう	meitei shiyō
Negative	酩酊しない	めいていしない	meitei shinai
Negative continuative	酩酊せず	めいていせず	meitei sezu
Formal	酩酊します	めいていします	meitei shimasu
Perfective	酩酊した	めいていした	meitei shita
Conjunctive	酩酊して	めいていして	meitei shite
Hypothetical conditional	酩酊すれば	めいていすれば	meitei sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 “酩酊”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
^ “酩酊”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“^▲酩^▲酊”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[3] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026