過分

See also: 过分

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

	to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker) to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker); to pass; to celebrate; to live; to get along; excessively; too-	to divide; minute; (a measure word) to divide; minute; (a measure word); (a unit of leng)
trad. (過分)	過	分
simp. (过分)	过	分
alternative forms	過份／过份

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guòfèn

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄣˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gwo³ fan⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): go¹ fun⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ko-fun

(Meixian, Guangdong): guo⁴ fun⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kè-hūn / kèr-hūn / kòe-hūn

(Teochew, Peng'im): guê³ hung⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guòfèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guòfèn
  - Wade–Giles: kuo⁴-fên⁴
  - Yale: gwò-fèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guohfenn
  - Palladius: гофэнь (gofɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwo³ fan⁶
  - Yale: gwo fahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwo³ fan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: guo³ fen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɔː³³ fɐn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: go¹ fun⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kᵘɔ³³ fun³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ko-fun
  - Hakka Romanization System: go fun
  - Hagfa Pinyim: go⁴ fun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ko⁵⁵ fun⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: guo⁴ fun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kuo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fun⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kè-hūn
  - Tâi-lô: kè-hūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kea'hun
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ke¹¹⁻⁵³ hun³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ke²¹⁻⁵³ hun²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèr-hūn
  - Tâi-lô: kèr-hūn
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kə⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hun⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòe-hūn
  - Tâi-lô: kuè-hūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koea'hun
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kue²¹⁻⁵³ hun²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Penang): /kue²¹⁻⁴⁴ hun²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²¹⁻⁴¹ hun³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: guê³ hung⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuè hūng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kue²¹³⁻⁵⁵ huŋ¹¹/

Adjective

過分

excessive; undue; overboard; over-; too much; out of line
做得過分／做得过分 ― zuò de guòfèn ― to overdo

你這也太過分了吧。 [MSC, trad.]
你这也太过分了吧。 [MSC, simp.]
Nǐ zhè yě tài guòfèn le ba. [Pinyin]
You are way out of line.

Synonyms

edit

偏激 (piānjī) (thoughts, attitudes)
太甚 (tàishèn)
太過 / 太过 (tàiguò)
苦 (regional)
過度 / 过度 (guòdù)
過火 / 过火 (guòhuǒ)
過甚 / 过甚 (guòshèn) (literary)
過當 / 过当 (guòdàng)
過角 / 过角 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
過頭 / 过头 (guòtóu)

Pronunciation 2

		to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker) to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker); to pass; to celebrate; to live; to get along; excessively; too-	to divide; minute; (a measure word) to divide; minute; (a measure word); (a unit of leng)
trad. (過分)		過	分
simp. (过分)		过	分

Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ko-fun
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kòe-hun / kè-hun

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ko-fun
  - Hakka Romanization System: go fun
  - Hagfa Pinyim: go⁴ fun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ko⁵⁵ fun⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòe-hun
  - Tâi-lô: kuè-hun
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koea'hwn
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²¹⁻⁴¹ hun⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kè-hun
  - Tâi-lô: kè-hun
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kea'hwn
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ke¹¹⁻⁵³ hun⁴⁴/

Adjective

過分

(Hakka, Southern Min, of fruits) overripe

Japanese

Kanji in this term
過	分
か Grade: 5	ぶん Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かぶん [kàbúń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ka̠bɯ̟̃ɴ]

Adjective

過(か)分(ぶん) • (kabun) -na (adnominal 過(か)分(ぶん)な (kabun na), adverbial 過(か)分(ぶん)に (kabun ni))

excessive
- 1914, 夏目漱石 [Natsume Sōseki], chapter 6, in こゝろ [Kokoro], 中両親と私 [My Parents and I]:
  こういってくれる裏(うら)に、私(わたくし)は二(ふた)人(り)が私(わたくし)に対(たい)してもっている過(か)分(ぶん)な希(き)望(ぼう)を読(よ)んだ。
  Kō itte kureru ura ni, watakushi wa futari ga watakushi ni taishite motte iru kabun na kibō o yonda.
  Behind these words, I could read the excessive hope the two had for me.
arrogant, presumptuous
Synonym: 僭(せん)越(えつ) (sen'etsu)

Inflection

Inflection of 過分
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	過分だろ	かぶんだろ	kabun daro
Continuative (連用形)	過分で	かぶんで	kabun de
Terminal (終止形)	過分だ	かぶんだ	kabun da
Attributive (連体形)	過分な	かぶんな	kabun na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	過分なら	かぶんなら	kabun nara
Imperative (命令形)	過分であれ	かぶんであれ	kabun de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	過分ではない過分じゃない	かぶんではないかぶんじゃない	kabun de wa nai kabun ja nai
Informal past	過分だった	かぶんだった	kabun datta
Informal negative past	過分ではなかった過分じゃなかった	かぶんではなかったかぶんじゃなかった	kabun de wa nakatta kabun ja nakatta
Formal	過分です	かぶんです	kabun desu
Formal negative	過分ではありません過分じゃありません	かぶんではありませんかぶんじゃありません	kabun de wa arimasen kabun ja arimasen
Formal past	過分でした	かぶんでした	kabun deshita
Formal negative past	過分ではありませんでした過分じゃありませんでした	かぶんではありませんでしたかぶんじゃありませんでした	kabun de wa arimasen deshita kabun ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	過分で	かぶんで	kabun de
Conditional	過分なら（ば）	かぶんなら（ば）	kabun nara (ba)
Provisional	過分だったら	かぶんだったら	kabun dattara
Volitional	過分だろう	かぶんだろう	kabun darō
Adverbial	過分に	かぶんに	kabun ni
Degree	過分さ	かぶんさ	kabunsa

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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