通風

See also: 通风 and 痛風

Chinese

		go through; know well; to connect go through; know well; to connect; to communicate; open	wind; news; style wind; news; style; custom; manner
trad. (通風)		通	風
simp. (通风)		通	风

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tōngfēng

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥㄈㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tung¹ fung¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thûng-fûng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): thong-hong / thong-hoang / thang-hong

(Teochew, Peng'im): tong¹ huang¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹thon-fon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tōngfēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥㄈㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tongfong
  - Wade–Giles: tʻung¹-fêng¹
  - Yale: tūng-fēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tongfeng
  - Palladius: тунфэн (tunfɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tung¹ fung¹
  - Yale: tūng fūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tung¹ fung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: tung¹ fung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thûng-fûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: tung^ˊ fung^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tung¹ fung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fuŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thong-hong
  - Tâi-lô: thong-hong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tonghofng
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ³³ hɔŋ³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thong-hoang
  - Tâi-lô: thong-huang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tonghoafng
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ³³ huaŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thang-hong
  - Tâi-lô: thang-hong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tanghofng
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tong¹ huang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thong huang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰoŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹thon-fon
  - MiniDict: thon^平 fon
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹thon-fon
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰoŋ⁵⁵ foŋ²¹/

Verb

通風

(literally) to ventilate; to let in fresh air
(figuratively) to divulge information; to tip somebody off

Synonyms

(to ventilate): 排風／排风 (páifēng)

Adjective

通風

well-ventilated

Derived terms

密不通風 / 密不通风
通風口 / 通风口
通風報信 / 通风报信 (tōngfēngbàoxìn)
通風機 / 通风机

Japanese

Kanji in this term
通	風
つう Grade: 2	ふう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) つうふう [tsùúfúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [t͡sɨːɸɯ̟ː]

Noun

通(つう)風(ふう) • (tsūfū)

ventilation

Verb

通(つう)風(ふう)する • (tsūfū suru) suru (stem 通(つう)風(ふう)し (tsūfū shi), past 通(つう)風(ふう)した (tsūfū shita))

to ventilate

Conjugation

Conjugation of "通風する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	通風し	つうふうし	tsūfū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	通風し	つうふうし	tsūfū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	通風する	つうふうする	tsūfū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	通風する	つうふうする	tsūfū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	通風すれ	つうふうすれ	tsūfū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	通風せよ¹ 通風しろ²	つうふうせよ¹ つうふうしろ²	tsūfū seyo¹ tsūfū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	通風される	つうふうされる	tsūfū sareru
Causative	通風させる通風さす	つうふうさせるつうふうさす	tsūfū saseru tsūfū sasu
Potential	通風できる	つうふうできる	tsūfū dekiru
Volitional	通風しよう	つうふうしよう	tsūfū shiyō
Negative	通風しない	つうふうしない	tsūfū shinai
Negative continuative	通風せず	つうふうせず	tsūfū sezu
Formal	通風します	つうふうします	tsūfū shimasu
Perfective	通風した	つうふうした	tsūfū shita
Conjunctive	通風して	つうふうして	tsūfū shite
Hypothetical conditional	通風すれば	つうふうすれば	tsūfū sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK16-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK8-3] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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