超過

See also: 超过

Chinese

to exceed; overtake; surpass
to exceed; overtake; surpass; transcend; ultra-; super-; to pass; to cross
 
to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker)
to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker); to pass; to celebrate; to live; to get along; excessively; too-
 
trad. (超過) 超 過
simp. (超过) 超 过

Pronunciation

Verb

超⫽過 (verb-complement)

  1. (literal, figurative, transitive) to be ahead of; to overtake; to pass; to outstrip; to surpass; to exceed
    他超過了三輛自行車。 [MSC, trad.]
    他超过了三辆自行车。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā chāoguò le sān liàng zìxíngchē. [Pinyin]
    He passed three bikes.
    事實上，我們在科研方面遠遠超過他們。 [MSC, trad.]
    事实上，我们在科研方面远远超过他们。 [MSC, simp.]
    Shìshíshàng, wǒmen zài kēyán fāngmiàn yuǎnyuǎn chāoguò tāmen. [Pinyin]
    As a matter of fact, we are far ahead of them in scientific research.
    毒物質含量超過正常許可值數倍。 [MSC, trad.]
    毒物质含量超过正常许可值数倍。 [MSC, simp.]
    Dúwùzhì hánliàng chāoguò zhèngcháng xǔkězhí shù bèi. [Pinyin]
    The content of toxins in the substance exceeds twice the allowed quantity.

Usage notes

  •  Like English be ahead of and overtake, 超過／超过 (chāoguò) can denote literally rushing to the front, as well as figuratively exceeding a particular benchmark. Chinese monolingual dictionaries often distinguish between these two senses.

Synonyms

Derived terms

  • 遠超過 / 远超过

Japanese

Kanji in this term
超 過
ちょう
Grade: S 		か
Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ちょーか [chòóká] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞ːka̠]

Noun

超(ちょう)過(か) • (chōka) 

  1. excess

Verb

超(ちょう)過(か)する • (chōka suru) suru (stem 超(ちょう)過(か)し (chōka shi), past 超(ちょう)過(か)した (chōka shita))

  1. exceed

Conjugation

Conjugation of "超過する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 超過し ちょうかし chōka shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 超過し ちょうかし chōka shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 超過する ちょうかする chōka suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 超過する ちょうかする chōka suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 超過すれ ちょうかすれ chōka sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 超過せよ¹
超過しろ² 		ちょうかせよ¹
ちょうかしろ² 		chōka seyo¹
chōka shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 超過される ちょうかされる chōka sareru
Causative 超過させる
超過さす 		ちょうかさせる
ちょうかさす 		chōka saseru
chōka sasu
Potential 超過できる ちょうかできる chōka dekiru
Volitional 超過しよう ちょうかしよう chōka shiyō
Negative 超過しない ちょうかしない chōka shinai
Negative continuative 超過せず ちょうかせず chōka sezu
Formal 超過します ちょうかします chōka shimasu
Perfective 超過した ちょうかした chōka shita
Conjunctive 超過して ちょうかして chōka shite
Hypothetical conditional 超過すれば ちょうかすれば chōka sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

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