贔屓

See also: 赑屃

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 贔屓 – see 贔屭 (“bixi; etc.”). (This term is a variant form of 贔屭).

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
贔	屓
ひ > ひい Hyōgai	き Hyōgai
on'yomi

Lengthened form of etymology 2. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “How does the meaning evolve from 'bixi' to 'favor'?”)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ひいき [híꜜìkì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [çiːkʲi]

Noun

贔(ひい)屓(き) • (hīki)

favor, partiality, patronage
- 1906, Natsume Sōseki, Botchan‎^[1]:
  
  母(はは)は兄(あに)ばかり贔屓(ひいき)にしていた。
  Haha wa ani bakari hīki ni shite ita.
  Mother always sided with my big brother.

Synonyms

優遇(ゆうぐう) (yūgū)
寵愛(ちょうあい) (chōai)

Antonyms

差別(さべつ) (sabetsu, “discrimination”)
冷遇(れいぐう) (reigū, “disfavor”)

Verb

贔(ひい)屓(き)する • (hīki suru) suru (stem 贔(ひい)屓(き)し (hīki shi), past 贔(ひい)屓(き)した (hīki shita))

to favor; to be partial to
あの先生(せんせい)は女生徒(じょせいと)を贔屓(ひいき)した。
Ano sensei wa joseito o hīki shita.
That teacher favoured the girl student.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "贔屓する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	贔屓し	ひいきし	hīki shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	贔屓し	ひいきし	hīki shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	贔屓する	ひいきする	hīki suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	贔屓する	ひいきする	hīki suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	贔屓すれ	ひいきすれ	hīki sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	贔屓せよ¹ 贔屓しろ²	ひいきせよ¹ ひいきしろ²	hīki seyo¹ hīki shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	贔屓される	ひいきされる	hīki sareru
Causative	贔屓させる贔屓さす	ひいきさせるひいきさす	hīki saseru hīki sasu
Potential	贔屓できる	ひいきできる	hīki dekiru
Volitional	贔屓しよう	ひいきしよう	hīki shiyō
Negative	贔屓しない	ひいきしない	hīki shinai
Negative continuative	贔屓せず	ひいきせず	hīki sezu
Formal	贔屓します	ひいきします	hīki shimasu
Perfective	贔屓した	ひいきした	hīki shita
Conjunctive	贔屓して	ひいきして	hīki shite
Hypothetical conditional	贔屓すれば	ひいきすれば	hīki sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
贔	屓
ひ Hyōgai	き Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 贔屭 (MC bijH xijH).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [çikʲi]

Noun

贔(ひ)屓(き) • (hiki)

(Chinese mythology) bixi

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]