購入

See also: 购入

Chinese

		to buy; to purchase	to enter
trad. (購入)		購	入
simp. (购入)		购	入

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gòurù

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄡˋ ㄖㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kau³ jap⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): káng-ji̍p

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gòurù
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˋ ㄖㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gòurù
  - Wade–Giles: kou⁴-ju⁴
  - Yale: gòu-rù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gowruh
  - Palladius: гоужу (goužu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /koʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kau³ jap⁶
  - Yale: kau yahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kau³ jap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: keo³ yeb⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐu̯³³ jɐp̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: káng-ji̍p
  - Tâi-lô: káng-ji̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kafngjip
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ d͡zip̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kaŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ d͡zip̚²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ d͡zip̚¹²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ d͡zip̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ zip̚⁴/

Verb

購入

to purchase

Synonyms

購買／购买 (gòumǎi)
買／买 (mǎi)
收購／收购 (shōugòu)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
購	入
こう Grade: S	にゅう Grade: 1
on'yomi

Etymology

/koːnipu/ → /koːniɸu/ → /koːniu/ → /koːnjuː/

From Middle Chinese compound 購入 / 购入 (kuw^H nyip, literally “present, give + enter”). Compare modern Cantonese reading kau³ jap⁶.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こーにゅう [kòónyúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɲ̟ɨː]

Noun

購(こう)入(にゅう) • (kōnyū) ^{←こうにふ (kounifu)^?}

a purchase, the act of buying something

Verb

購(こう)入(にゅう)する • (kōnyū suru) ^{←こうにふ (kounifu)^?}suru (stem 購(こう)入(にゅう)し (kōnyū shi), past 購(こう)入(にゅう)した (kōnyū shita))

to purchase

Usage notes

Just as with English purchase compared to buy, the Chinese-derived 購入する (kōnyū suru) is more formal than the native Japanese term 買う (kau). This is an example of the usual formality difference between kango terms versus native Japanese terms (大和言葉 (Yamato kotoba)).

Conjugation

Conjugation of "購入する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	購入し	こうにゅうし	kōnyū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	購入し	こうにゅうし	kōnyū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	購入する	こうにゅうする	kōnyū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	購入する	こうにゅうする	kōnyū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	購入すれ	こうにゅうすれ	kōnyū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	購入せよ¹ 購入しろ²	こうにゅうせよ¹ こうにゅうしろ²	kōnyū seyo¹ kōnyū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	購入される	こうにゅうされる	kōnyū sareru
Causative	購入させる購入さす	こうにゅうさせるこうにゅうさす	kōnyū saseru kōnyū sasu
Potential	購入できる	こうにゅうできる	kōnyū dekiru
Volitional	購入しよう	こうにゅうしよう	kōnyū shiyō
Negative	購入しない	こうにゅうしない	kōnyū shinai
Negative continuative	購入せず	こうにゅうせず	kōnyū sezu
Formal	購入します	こうにゅうします	kōnyū shimasu
Perfective	購入した	こうにゅうした	kōnyū shita
Conjunctive	購入して	こうにゅうして	kōnyū shite
Hypothetical conditional	購入すれば	こうにゅうすれば	kōnyū sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

買(か)う (kau)

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“購入”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
購	入

Noun

購入 • (gu'ip) (hangeul 구입)

hanja form^? of 구입 (“purchase”)

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]