訓読

See also: 訓讀

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
訓 読
くん
Grade: 4 		どく
Grade: 2
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
訓讀 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) くんどく [kùńdókú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [kɯ̟̃ndo̞kɯ̟]

Noun

訓(くん)読(どく) • (kundoku) 

  1. synonym of 訓読み (kun'yomi, “Japanese native reading for kanji (Chinese characters), by using the pronunciation of the native Japanese word that has the same meaning.”)
    Example: reading 山 (“mountain”, Middle Chinese: /ʃˠɛn/, Japanese on'yomi: さん (san)) as やま (yama), the native Japanese word for “mountain”.
  2. short for 漢文訓読 (kanbun kundoku, “Japanese reading of Classical Chinese by literal translation”)
    Example: reading 青取之於藍而青於藍 as 青(あお)は之(これ)を藍(あい)より取(と)りて而(しか)も藍(あい)より青(あお)し (ao wa kore o ai yori torite shikamo ai yori aoshi).

Verb

訓(くん)読(どく)する • (kundoku suru) suru (stem 訓(くん)読(どく)し (kundoku shi), past 訓(くん)読(どく)した (kundoku shita))

  1. to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a word using the pronunciation of the native Japanese word
  2. to use kanbun kundoku for Classical Chinese
Conjugation
Conjugation of "訓読する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 訓読し くんどくし kundoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 訓読し くんどくし kundoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 訓読する くんどくする kundoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 訓読する くんどくする kundoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 訓読すれ くんどくすれ kundoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 訓読せよ¹
訓読しろ² 		くんどくせよ¹
くんどくしろ² 		kundoku seyo¹
kundoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 訓読される くんどくされる kundoku sareru
Causative 訓読させる
訓読さす 		くんどくさせる
くんどくさす 		kundoku saseru
kundoku sasu
Potential 訓読できる くんどくできる kundoku dekiru
Volitional 訓読しよう くんどくしよう kundoku shiyō
Negative 訓読しない くんどくしない kundoku shinai
Negative continuative 訓読せず くんどくせず kundoku sezu
Formal 訓読します くんどくします kundoku shimasu
Perfective 訓読した くんどくした kundoku shita
Conjunctive 訓読して くんどくして kundoku shite
Hypothetical conditional 訓読すれば くんどくすれば kundoku sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Derived terms
  • 訓読語(くんどくご) (kundokugo)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
訓 読
くん
Grade: 4 		よ(み)
Grade: 2
jūbakoyomi
Alternative spelling
訓讀 (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 訓読 – see the following entry.
【訓読くんよみ】
[noun] (linguistics) kun'yomi: a reading of a kanji that is not derived from the kanji's original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese
[verb] to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a kanji using the pronunciation of a native Japanese word
(This term, 訓読, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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