觀念

See also: 観念 and 观念

Chinese

		to look at; to watch; to observe to look at; to watch; to observe; to behold; Taoist monastery	to miss; to think of; to read to miss; to think of; to read; to study (a subject); to attend (a school); to read aloud; idea; remembrance; twenty
trad. (觀念)		觀	念
simp. (观念)		观	念

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guānniàn

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢㄋㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gun¹ nim⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gon¹ niam⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kôn-ngiam

(Hailu, HRS): gon^ˋ ngiam^˖

(Meixian, Guangdong): guon¹ ngiam⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): guăng-niêng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): guang¹ nieng⁵ / guong¹ nieng⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): koan-liām

(Teochew, Peng'im): guêng¹ liêm⁶ / guang¹ niam⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹kuoe-gni; ¹kuoe-gnie

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guānniàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢㄋㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guanniàn
  - Wade–Giles: kuan¹-nien⁴
  - Yale: gwān-nyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guanniann
  - Palladius: гуаньнянь (guanʹnjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯än⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gun¹ nim⁶
  - Yale: gūn nihm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gun¹ nim⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: gun¹ nim⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuːn⁵⁵ niːm²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gon¹ niam⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kᵘɔn³³ ⁿdiam³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kôn-ngiam
  - Hakka Romanization System: gon^ˊ ngiam
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gon¹ ngiam⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kon²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯am⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: gon^ˋ ngiam^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /kon⁵³ ŋiam³³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: guon¹ ngiam⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kuɔn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋiam⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: guăng-niêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ nˡiɛŋ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: guang¹ nieng⁵ [Phonetic: guang² nieng⁵]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: guang-niāng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuaŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ niɛŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: guong¹ nieng⁵ [Phonetic: guong² nieng⁵]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuoŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ niɛŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koan-liām
  - Tâi-lô: kuan-liām
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koanliam
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kuan⁴⁴⁻²² liam²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan³³ liam⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan⁴⁴⁻²² liam²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ liam³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ liam³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: guêng¹ liêm⁶ / guang¹ niam⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kueng liĕm / kuang niăm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kueŋ³³⁻²³ liem³⁵/, /kuaŋ³³⁻²³ niam³⁵/

Note:

guêng1 liêm6 - Chaozhou;
guang1 niam6 - Shantou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹kuoe-gni; ¹kuoe-gnie
  - MiniDict: kuoe^平 nyi; kuoe^平 nyae
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kuoe-nyi; ¹kuoe-nyie
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kuø⁵⁵ n̠ʲi²¹/, /kuø⁵⁵ n̠ʲie²¹/

Noun

觀念

notion; thought; concept; sense
ideology; views; general impressions
現代觀念／现代观念 ― xiàndài guānniàn ― modern ideology

男尊女卑是封建社會遺留下來的思想觀念，它錯誤地認為男人比女人高貴。 [MSC, trad.]
男尊女卑是封建社会遗留下来的思想观念，它错误地认为男人比女人高贵。 [MSC, simp.]
Nánzūnnǚbēi shì fēngjiànshèhuì yíliú xiàlái de sīxiǎng guānniàn, tā cuòwù de rènwéi nánrén bǐ nǚrén gāoguì. [Pinyin]
The ideology of male domination and female subordination is handed down from feudal society and wrongly holds that males are nobler than females.

Synonyms

(notion):

edit

概念 (gàiniàn)
構思 / 构思 (gòusī)
構想 / 构想 (gòuxiǎng)
理念 (lǐniàn)
腦筋 / 脑筋 (nǎojīn)

(ideology):

edit

主義 / 主义 (zhǔyì) (chiefly as a suffix)
思想 (sīxiǎng)
思想意識 / 思想意识 (sīxiǎng yìshí)
思想體系 / 思想体系 (sīxiǎng tǐxì)
意識形態 / 意识形态 (yìshí xíngtài)

Verb

觀念

(Buddhism) to observe and contemplate one's thoughts

Japanese

Kanji in this term
觀	念
かん Hyōgai	ねん Grade: 4
on'yomi

Noun

觀(かん)念(ねん) • (kannen)

Verb

觀(かん)念(ねん)する • (kannen suru) suru (stem 觀(かん)念(ねん)し (kannen shi), past 觀(かん)念(ねん)した (kannen shita))

to resign to

Conjugation

Conjugation of "觀念する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	觀念し	かんねんし	kannen shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	觀念し	かんねんし	kannen shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	觀念する	かんねんする	kannen suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	觀念する	かんねんする	kannen suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	觀念すれ	かんねんすれ	kannen sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	觀念せよ¹ 觀念しろ²	かんねんせよ¹ かんねんしろ²	kannen seyo¹ kannen shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	觀念される	かんねんされる	kannen sareru
Causative	觀念させる觀念さす	かんねんさせるかんねんさす	kannen saseru kannen sasu
Potential	觀念できる	かんねんできる	kannen dekiru
Volitional	觀念しよう	かんねんしよう	kannen shiyō
Negative	觀念しない	かんねんしない	kannen shinai
Negative continuative	觀念せず	かんねんせず	kannen sezu
Formal	觀念します	かんねんします	kannen shimasu
Perfective	觀念した	かんねんした	kannen shita
Conjunctive	觀念して	かんねんして	kannen shite
Hypothetical conditional	觀念すれば	かんねんすれば	kannen sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
觀	念

Noun

觀念 • (gwannyeom) (hangeul 관념)

hanja form^? of 관념 (“idea; sense”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
觀	念

Noun

觀念

chữ Hán form of quan niệm (“opinion”)

Verb

觀念

chữ Hán form of quan niệm (“to think”)