蘿蔔
See also: 萝卜
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (蘿蔔) | 蘿 | 蔔 | |
| simp. (萝卜) | 萝 | 卜 | |
| alternative forms | |||
Etymology
Unknown. This word has been attested in various forms since early Old Chinese, and is the source of many of the terms for "radish, turnip" in other languages in modern China. The basic form seems to be *rabuk.
Perhaps compare Proto-Indo-European *(s)rā́ps (“turnip, rape, cabbage”), Proto-Semitic *lapt- (“turnip”), Sumerian 𒇻𒂠𒊬 (LU-UB₂ŠAR /lub/, “turnip”).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): lo4 po
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): le1 bei3
- Northern Min (KCR): lô̤-bā̤
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lô-po̍k / lô͘-pok / lâ-pa̍k / lâ-ta̍k
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6lau-boq8 / 2lau-boq8 / 6lou-boq8
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lo2 bu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: luóbo
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˊ ˙ㄅㄛ
- Tongyong Pinyin: luóbo̊
- Wade–Giles: lo2-po5
- Yale: lwó-bwo
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luo.bo
- Palladius: лобо (lobo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lu̯ɔ³⁵ b̥u̯ɔ³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Note: Often mispronounced as luóbō.
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: no2 bu4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lo bu
- Sinological IPA (key): /no²¹ pu²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: luóbu
- Sinological IPA (key): /luo²⁴ pu/
- (Chengdu)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: lo4 baak6
- Yale: lòh baahk
- Cantonese Pinyin: lo4 baak9
- Guangdong Romanization: lo4 bag6
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔː²¹ paːk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lo3 bak5
- Sinological IPA (key): /lᵘɔ²² pak̚³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lò-phe̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: loˇ ped
- Hagfa Pinyim: lo2 ped6
- Sinological IPA: /lo¹¹ pʰet̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: lo2 pêd6
- Sinological IPA: /lo¹¹ pʰɛt̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lô̤-bā̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔ³³ pɛ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô-po̍k
- Tâi-lô: lô-po̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: loi'pok
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /lo²⁴⁻²² pɔk̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³⁻²² pɔk̚¹²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³⁻³³ pɔk̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô͘-pok
- Tâi-lô: lôo-pok
- Phofsit Daibuun: lo'pog
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ²⁴⁻²² pɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâ-pa̍k
- Tâi-lô: lâ-pa̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: la'pak
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /la²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /la²⁴⁻²² pak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâ-ta̍k
- Tâi-lô: lâ-ta̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: la'dak
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /la²⁴⁻²² tak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 6lau-boq8
- MiniDict: lau去 boh入
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3lau-boq5
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lɔ²² boʔ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
- Wugniu: 2lau-boq8
- MiniDict: lau平 boh入
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /læ²² boʔ³³/
- (Northern: Ningbo)
- Wugniu: 6lou-boq8
- MiniDict: lou去 boh入
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /ləu²² boʔ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: la bok
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*raːl bɯːɡ/
Noun
蘿蔔
- radish, especially the daikon or Chinese radish
Usage notes
Translated as turnip in Hong Kong, though this is a misnomer.
Synonyms
- (daikon):
Dialectal synonyms of 蘿蔔 (“daikon; radish”) [map]
Meronyms
Derived terms
- 一個蘿蔔一個坑 / 一个萝卜一个坑 (yī gè luóbo yī gè kēng)
- 坐蘿蔔 / 坐萝卜
- 小蘿蔔頭 / 小萝卜头
- 心裡美蘿蔔 / 心里美萝卜 (xīnlǐměi luóbo)
- 拔了蘿蔔地皮寬 / 拔了萝卜地皮宽
- 甜蘿蔔 / 甜萝卜
- 白蘿蔔 / 白萝卜 (báiluóbo)
- 空心蘿蔔 / 空心萝卜
- 糖蘿蔔 / 糖萝卜 (tángluóbo)
- 紅蘿蔔 / 红萝卜 (hóngluóbo)
- 缸裡的醬蘿蔔 / 缸里的酱萝卜
- 胡蘿蔔 / 胡萝卜 (húluóbo)
- 花心蘿蔔 / 花心萝卜 (huāxīn luóbo)
- 蘿蔔丁 / 萝卜丁 (Luóbo dīng)
- 蘿蔔乾 / 萝卜干 (luóbogān)
- 蘿蔔粄 / 萝卜粄
- 蘿蔔精 / 萝卜精
- 蘿蔔精,頭上青 / 萝卜精,头上青
- 蘿蔔糕 / 萝卜糕 (luóbogāo)
- 蘿蔔絲餅 / 萝卜丝饼 (luóbosībǐng)
- 蘿蔔頭 / 萝卜头 (luóbotóu)
- 青蘿蔔 / 青萝卜 (qīngluóbo)
- 馬蘿蔔 / 马萝卜 (mǎluóbo)
Descendants
Others:
- → Bouyei: laauxbag
- → Classical Mongolian: ᠯᠤᠤᠪᠠᠩ (luubang)
- Mongolian: ᠯᠤᠤᠪᠠᠩ (luubang), лууван (luuvan)
- → Daur: ᠯᠣᠪᠣ (lobo), loob
- → English: lo bak, lo pak
- → Green Hmong: lauj pwm, lwj pwm
- → Korean: 노배 (nobae) (dialectal)
- → Malay: lobak
- Indonesian: lobak
- → Tibetan: ལ་ཕུག (la phug)
- → Japhug: lɤpɯɣ
- → Uyghur: لوبو (lobo), لوبۇ (lobu)
- → Zhuang: lauxbaeg
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): lo4 baak6
- Eastern Min (BUC): lò̤-bŭk
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lor2 borh7
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lâ-pa̍k / lâ-ta̍k / nâ-po̍k / lo̍k-po̍k / nâ-ta̍k
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: luóbo
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˊ ˙ㄅㄛ
- Tongyong Pinyin: luóbo̊
- Wade–Giles: lo2-po5
- Yale: lwó-bwo
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luo.bo
- Palladius: лобо (lobo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lu̯ɔ³⁵ b̥u̯ɔ³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: lo4 baak6
- Yale: lòh baahk
- Cantonese Pinyin: lo4 baak9
- Guangdong Romanization: lo4 bag6
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɔː²¹ paːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâ-pa̍k
- Tâi-lô: lâ-pa̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: la'pak
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /la²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /la²⁴⁻²² pak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: dated in Quanzhou, Xiamen, Philippines, Quanzhou-like accent in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâ-ta̍k
- Tâi-lô: lâ-ta̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: la'dak
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /la²⁴⁻²² tak̚²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /la²⁴⁻²² tak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: dated in Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nâ-po̍k
- Tâi-lô: nâ-po̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: na'pok
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /nã²³⁻³³ pɔk̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /nã²⁴⁻²² pɔk̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /nã²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Tamsui)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍k-po̍k
- Tâi-lô: lo̍k-po̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: logpok
- (Hokkien: dated in Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nâ-ta̍k
- Tâi-lô: nâ-ta̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: na'dak
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /nã²⁴⁻¹¹ tak̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /nã²³⁻³³ tak̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /nã²⁴⁻²² tak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Philippines)
Noun
蘿蔔
- (chiefly dialectal) carrot
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 胡蘿蔔 (“carrot”) [map]
References
- 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “萝卜”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 366.
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 蘿 | 蔔 |
| すずしろ | |
| Hyōgai | Hyōgai |
| jukujikun | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 清白 |
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) すずしろ [sùzúshíró] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) すずしろ [sùzúꜜshìrò] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
- IPA(key): [sɨzɨɕiɾo̞]
Noun
蘿蔔 • (suzushiro) ←すずしろ (suzusiro)?
Synonyms
- 大根 (daikon)
Derived terms
- 蘿蔔草 (suzushirosō)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 蘿 | 蔔 |
| ら Hyōgai |
ふく Hyōgai |
| on'yomi | kan'yōon |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 蘿菔 (uncommon) |
From Middle Chinese 蘿蔔 (MC la bok).
Pronunciation
Noun
- daikon radish
- Synonym: 大根 (daikon)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “〈▲蘿▲蔔〉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 蘿 | 蔔 |
Noun
蘿蔔 • (nabok) (hangeul 나복)
- hanja form? of 나복