蕃息

Chinese

		flourishing; to reproduce	rest; news; interest rest; news; interest; breath
trad. (蕃息)		蕃	息
simp. ^#(蕃息)		蕃	息

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fánxī, fánxí

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˊ ㄒㄧ, ㄈㄢˊ ㄒㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faan⁴ sik¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fánxī
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fánsi
  - Wade–Giles: fan²-hsi¹
  - Yale: fán-syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farnshi
  - Palladius: фаньси (fanʹsi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fánxí
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ ㄒㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fánsí
  - Wade–Giles: fan²-hsi²
  - Yale: fán-syí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farnshyi
  - Palladius: фаньси (fanʹsi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän³⁵ ɕi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: faan⁴ sik¹
  - Yale: fàahn sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁴ sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan⁴ xig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn²¹ sɪk̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: bjon sik

Rime
Character	蕃	息
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	元 (66)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	附袁切	相即切
Baxter	bjon	sik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʉɐn/	/sɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷiɐn/	/sɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/biuɐn/	/siek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buan/	/sik̚/
Li Rong	/biuɐn/	/siək̚/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐn/	/sĭək̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐn/	/si̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fán	xi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan⁴	sik¹

Verb

蕃息

(literary) to multiply; to propagate; to proliferate
- 當此之時，陰陽和平，風雨時節，萬物蕃息。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  当此之时，阴阳和平，风雨时节，万物蕃息。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Huainanzi, 2^nd century BCE
  Dāng cǐ zhī shí, yīnyáng hépíng, fēngyǔ shíjié, wànwù fánxī. [Pinyin]
  At this time, yin and yang were balanced, the wind and rain were timely, and all living things proliferated.
- 亡我祁連山，使我六畜不蕃息。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  亡我祁连山，使我六畜不蕃息。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 張守節 (Zhang Shoujie), 《史記正義》
  Wáng wǒ Qíliánshān, shǐ wǒ liùxù bù fánxī. [Pinyin]
  We've lost our Qilian Mountains; our livestock cannot multiply.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
蕃	息
はん Jinmeiyō	そく Grade: 3
kan'on	goon

Alternative spelling
繁息

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) はんそく [hàńsókú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [hã̠ɰ̃so̞kɯ̟]

Noun

蕃(はん)息(そく) • (hansoku) ^{←はんそく (fansoku)^?}

multiplying, proliferating
Synonym: 繁殖 (hanshoku)

Verb

蕃(はん)息(そく)する • (hansoku suru) ^{←はんそく (fansoku)^?}intransitive suru (stem 蕃(はん)息(そく)し (hansoku shi), past 蕃(はん)息(そく)した (hansoku shita))

to multiply, to proliferate
Synonym: 繁殖する (hanshoku suru)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "蕃息する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	蕃息し	はんそくし	hansoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	蕃息し	はんそくし	hansoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	蕃息する	はんそくする	hansoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	蕃息する	はんそくする	hansoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	蕃息すれ	はんそくすれ	hansoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	蕃息せよ¹ 蕃息しろ²	はんそくせよ¹ はんそくしろ²	hansoku seyo¹ hansoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	蕃息される	はんそくされる	hansoku sareru
Causative	蕃息させる蕃息さす	はんそくさせるはんそくさす	hansoku saseru hansoku sasu
Potential	蕃息できる	はんそくできる	hansoku dekiru
Volitional	蕃息しよう	はんそくしよう	hansoku shiyō
Negative	蕃息しない	はんそくしない	hansoku shinai
Negative continuative	蕃息せず	はんそくせず	hansoku sezu
Formal	蕃息します	はんそくします	hansoku shimasu
Perfective	蕃息した	はんそくした	hansoku shita
Conjunctive	蕃息して	はんそくして	hansoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	蕃息すれば	はんそくすれば	hansoku sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

See also

Appendix:Gikun_Usage_in_Meiji_Version_of_Japanese_Bible/蕃息

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
蕃	息

Noun

蕃息 • (beonsik) (hangeul 번식)

hanja form^? of 번식