自重

Chinese

		from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since	heavy; serious; to double heavy; serious; to double; to repeat; repetition; iteration; again; a layer
simp. and trad. (自重)		自	重

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zìzhòng

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄓㄨㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ zung⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhṳ-chhung

(Hailu, HRS): cii^˖ chung^˖
Eastern Min (BUC): cê̤ṳ-dê̤ṳng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chǐr-tiǒng / chū-tiōng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zìzhòng
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄓㄨㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zìhjhòng
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-chung⁴
  - Yale: dz̀-jùng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhjonq
  - Palladius: цзычжун (czyčžun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi⁶ zung⁶
  - Yale: jih juhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ dzung⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ zung⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² t͡sʊŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ-chhung
  - Hakka Romanization System: cii cung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ci⁴ cung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: cii^˖ chung^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ³³ t͡ʃʰuŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cê̤ṳ-dê̤ṳng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵³ ^(t-)løyŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǐr-tiǒng
  - Tâi-lô: tsǐr-tiǒng
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ²² tiɔŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-tiōng
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-tiōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxdiong
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ tiɔŋ³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ³³/

Verb

自重

to conduct oneself with dignity; to be self-possessed; to be dignified
to raise oneself in others' esteem

Noun

自重

dead weight

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
自	重
じ Grade: 2	じゅう Grade: 3
goon

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じじゅう [jìjúú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑiʑɨː]

Noun

自(じ)重(じゅう) • (jijū) ^{←じぢゆう (zidyuu)^?}

one's own weight
マガジンは自(じ)重(じゅう)で落(らっ)下(か)します。
Magajin wa jijū de rakka shimasu.
The magazine falls by its own weight.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
自	重
じ Grade: 2	ちょう Grade: 3
goon	kan'on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じちょー [jìchóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑit͡ɕo̞ː]

Noun

自(じ)重(ちょう) • (jichō)

self-respect
prudence
taking care of one's own health

Verb

自(じ)重(ちょう)する • (jichō suru) intransitive suru (stem 自(じ)重(ちょう)し (jichō shi), past 自(じ)重(ちょう)した (jichō shita))

respect oneself
be prudent
take care of oneself, be kind to one's own body

Conjugation

Conjugation of "自重する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	自重し	じちょうし	jichō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	自重し	じちょうし	jichō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	自重する	じちょうする	jichō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	自重する	じちょうする	jichō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	自重すれ	じちょうすれ	jichō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	自重せよ¹ 自重しろ²	じちょうせよ¹ じちょうしろ²	jichō seyo¹ jichō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	自重される	じちょうされる	jichō sareru
Causative	自重させる自重さす	じちょうさせるじちょうさす	jichō saseru jichō sasu
Potential	自重できる	じちょうできる	jichō dekiru
Volitional	自重しよう	じちょうしよう	jichō shiyō
Negative	自重しない	じちょうしない	jichō shinai
Negative continuative	自重せず	じちょうせず	jichō sezu
Formal	自重します	じちょうします	jichō shimasu
Perfective	自重した	じちょうした	jichō shita
Conjunctive	自重して	じちょうして	jichō shite
Hypothetical conditional	自重すれば	じちょうすれば	jichō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

“自重”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
自	重

Noun

自重 • (jajung) (hangeul 자중)

hanja form^? of 자중

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
自	重

Noun

自重

chữ Hán form of tự trọng (“self-respect”)

Adjective

自重

chữ Hán form of tự trọng (“self-respecting”)

[SMK7-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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