自衛

See also: 自衞 and 自卫

Chinese

from; self; oneself
from; self; oneself; since
 
to guard; to protect; to defend
to guard; to protect; to defend; surname
 
trad. (自衛/自衞) 自 衛/衞
simp. (自卫) 自 卫

Pronunciation

Verb

自衛

  1. to defend oneself; to use self-defense
    自衛防身／自卫防身  ―  zìwèi fángshēn  ―  self-defense

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (自衛):
  • → Japanese: 自(じ)衛(えい) (jiei)
  • → Korean: 자위(自衛) (jawi)
  • → Vietnamese: tự vệ (自衛)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
自 衛
じ
Grade: 2 		えい
Grade: 5
goon kan'on
Alternative spelling
自衞 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

Noun

自(じ)衛(えい) • (jiei) ←じゑい (ziwei)?

  1. self-defense

Derived terms

Verb

自(じ)衛(えい)する • (jiei suru) ←じゑい (ziwei)?transitive suru (stem 自(じ)衛(えい)し (jiei shi), past 自(じ)衛(えい)した (jiei shita))

  1. to defend oneself on one's own from attack etc.
    自(じ)衛(えい)隊(たい)は日(に)本(ほん)を自(じ)衛(えい)する
    jieitai wa Nihon o jiei suru
    the JSDF defends Japan
    アカウントを自(じ)衛(えい)する
    akaunto o jiei suru
    to protect one's account

Conjugation

Conjugation of "自衛する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 自衛し じえいし jiei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 自衛し じえいし jiei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 自衛する じえいする jiei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 自衛する じえいする jiei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 自衛すれ じえいすれ jiei sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 自衛せよ¹
自衛しろ² 		じえいせよ¹
じえいしろ² 		jiei seyo¹
jiei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 自衛される じえいされる jiei sareru
Causative 自衛させる
自衛さす 		じえいさせる
じえいさす 		jiei saseru
jiei sasu
Potential 自衛できる じえいできる jiei dekiru
Volitional 自衛しよう じえいしよう jiei shiyō
Negative 自衛しない じえいしない jiei shinai
Negative continuative 自衛せず じえいせず jiei sezu
Formal 自衛します じえいします jiei shimasu
Perfective 自衛した じえいした jiei shita
Conjunctive 自衛して じえいして jiei shite
Hypothetical conditional 自衛すれば じえいすれば jiei sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
自衛

Noun

自衛 • (jawi) (hangeul 자위)

  1. hanja form? of 자위 (“self-defense”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
自衛

Noun

自衛

  1. chữ Hán form of tự vệ (“self-defense”)

Verb

自衛

  1. chữ Hán form of tự vệ (“to use self-defense”)
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