膃肭臍
Chinese
| fur seal; blubber of the fur seal | navel | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (膃肭臍) | 膃肭 | 臍 | |
| simp. (腽肭脐) | 腽肭 | 脐 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: wànàqí
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄚˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄑㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wànàcí
- Wade–Giles: wa4-na4-chʻi2
- Yale: wà-nà-chí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wahnahchyi
- Palladius: ванаци (vanaci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: wat1 neot6 ci4
- Yale: wāt neuht chìh
- Cantonese Pinyin: wat7 noet9 tsi4
- Guangdong Romanization: wed1 nêd6 qi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɐt̚⁵ nɵt̚² t͡sʰiː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Middle Chinese: 'wot nrjuwk dzej
Noun
膃肭臍
- (traditional Chinese medicine) penis and testes of the fur seal
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 膃 | 肭 | 臍 |
| おつ > おっ Hyōgai (ateji) |
どつ > と Hyōgai (ateji) |
せい Hyōgai |
| kan'on | ||
Etymology
/wotːosːsei/ → /otːoseː/
Appears to be originally from Ainu オンネㇷ゚ (onnep, “fur seal”). This was borrowed first into Chinese as 膃肭 / 腽肭 (wànà), possibly via one of the Min languages: compare modern Southern Min pronunciation nab4 for the 肭 (nà) character. Traditional Chinese medicine made use of the 臍 (“penis, male genitals”) of the animal, called in Chinese the 膃肭臍 / 腽肭脐 (wànàqí). This combined word was then borrowed into Japanese in reference to both the Chinese-medicine ingredient and the animal,[1][2][3][4][5][6] with first attestation in 1638.[1]
Encountered in early historical sources with the kana readings をっとっせい (wottossei) and をっとっさい (wottossai).[1] It is not currently clear from available references when the reading became the modern おっとせい (ottosei), losing both the initial /w/ and the medial gemination.
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) おっとせー [òttóꜜsèè] (Nakadaka – [3])[3][7][4]
- (Tokyo) おっとせー [òttóséé] (Heiban – [0])[3][7]
- IPA(key): [o̞t̚to̞se̞ː]
Noun
膃肭臍 • (ottosei) ←をつとつせい (wotutotusei)?
- [from 1638] a fur seal; more specifically, the northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus
- [from 1703] (archaic) the meat of a fur seal, especially as used medicinally
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as オットセイ (ottosei). In modern usage, the kana spelling may be more common, not least due to the relative complexity and rarity of the kanji characters.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “オットセイ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ “膃肭臍”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ “オットセイ”, in 日本辞典 (Nihon Jiten, “Japan Dictionary”) (in Japanese), 2007–2017.
- ^ “オットセイ”, in 語源由来辞典 (Gogen Yurai Jiten, “Etymology Derivation Dictionary”) (in Japanese), 2003–2026.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “〈▲膃▲肭▲臍〉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][3] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026