統制
See also: 统制
Chinese
to gather; to unite; to unify to gather; to unite; to unify; whole |
system; to make; to manufacture system; to make; to manufacture; to control; to regulate | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (統制) | 統 | 制 | |
| simp. (统制) | 统 | 制 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: tǒngzhì
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˇ ㄓˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tǒngjhìh
- Wade–Giles: tʻung3-chih4
- Yale: tǔng-jr̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: toongjyh
- Palladius: тунчжи (tunčži)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
- Homophones:
統制 / 统制
統治 / 统治
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: tung2 zai3
- Yale: túng jai
- Cantonese Pinyin: tung2 dzai3
- Guangdong Romanization: tung2 zei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡sɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thóng-chè
- Tâi-lô: thóng-tsè
- Phofsit Daibuun: tofngzex
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡se²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡se⁴¹/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡se²¹/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡se¹¹/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡se²¹/
- (Hokkien)
Noun
統制
Verb
統制
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 統 | 制 |
| とう Grade: 5 |
せい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
統制 • (tōsei)
Verb
統制する • (tōsei suru) transitive suru (stem 統制し (tōsei shi), past 統制した (tōsei shita))
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 統制し | とうせいし | tōsei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 統制し | とうせいし | tōsei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 統制する | とうせいする | tōsei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 統制する | とうせいする | tōsei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 統制すれ | とうせいすれ | tōsei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 統制せよ¹ 統制しろ² |
とうせいせよ¹ とうせいしろ² |
tōsei seyo¹ tōsei shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 統制される | とうせいされる | tōsei sareru |
| Causative | 統制させる 統制さす |
とうせいさせる とうせいさす |
tōsei saseru tōsei sasu |
| Potential | 統制できる | とうせいできる | tōsei dekiru |
| Volitional | 統制しよう | とうせいしよう | tōsei shiyō |
| Negative | 統制しない | とうせいしない | tōsei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 統制せず | とうせいせず | tōsei sezu |
| Formal | 統制します | とうせいします | tōsei shimasu |
| Perfective | 統制した | とうせいした | tōsei shita |
| Conjunctive | 統制して | とうせいして | tōsei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 統制すれば | とうせいすれば | tōsei sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “統制”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 統 | 制 |
Noun
統制 • (tongje) (hangeul 통제)
- hanja form? of 통제 (“control, regulation”)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 統 | 制 |
Noun
統制