破膽
Chinese
to break; to split; broken to break; to split; broken; damaged; worn out |
the gall; the nerve; courage the gall; the nerve; courage; guts; gall bladder | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (破膽) | 破 | 膽 | |
| simp. (破胆) | 破 | 胆 | |
Pronunciation
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pua4 dor3 / pua4 dornn3
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phòa-táⁿ
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: pua4 dor3 [Phonetic: pua1 lor3]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: pua̍-dô̤ⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰua⁴²⁻⁵⁵ (t-)lɒ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: pua4 dornn3 [Phonetic: pua1 dornn3]
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰua⁴²⁻⁵⁵ tɒ̃³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòa-táⁿ
- Tâi-lô: phuà-tánn
- Phofsit Daibuun: phoardvar
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ tã⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tã⁵⁵⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ tã⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pʰua¹¹⁻⁵³ tã⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰua²¹⁻⁴¹ tã⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
Adjective
破膽
- (Southern Min, Puxian Min) smitten with fear; terror-stricken (usually used after a verb)
Synonyms
- 喪膽 / 丧胆 (sàngdǎn)
- 小膽 / 小胆 (Hokkien)
- 怯懦 (qiènuò)
- 慄膽 / 栗胆 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 懦弱 (nuòruò)
- 懾膽 / 慑胆 (Hokkien)
- 熊 (xióng) (colloquial)
- 素母 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 細膽 / 细胆 (sai3 daam2) (Cantonese)
- 羞怯 (xiūqiè)
- 膽小 / 胆小 (dǎnxiǎo)
- 膽怯 / 胆怯 (dǎnqiè)
- 膽細 / 胆细 (Hokkien)
- 荏弱 (rěnruò)
- 軟弱 / 软弱 (ruǎnruò)
- 雀囝膽 / 雀囝胆 (Puxian Min)
- 鳥囝膽 / 鸟囝胆 (Puxian Min)
- 鳥膽 / 鸟胆 (Puxian Min)
References
- 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “破胆”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 452.