留学

See also: 留學

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 留学 – see 留學 (“to study abroad”). (This term is the simplified form of 留學).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
留	学
りゅう Grade: 5	がく Grade: 1
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
留學 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) りゅうがく [ryùúgákú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɾʲɨːɡa̠kɯ̟]

Noun

留(りゅう)学(がく) • (ryūgaku)

studying abroad

Derived terms

留(りゅう)学(がく)生(せい) (ryūgakusei, “foreign student, overseas student”)

Verb

留(りゅう)学(がく)する • (ryūgaku suru) intransitive suru (stem 留(りゅう)学(がく)し (ryūgaku shi), past 留(りゅう)学(がく)した (ryūgaku shita))

to study abroad

Conjugation

Conjugation of "留学する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	留学し	りゅうがくし	ryūgaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	留学し	りゅうがくし	ryūgaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	留学する	りゅうがくする	ryūgaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	留学する	りゅうがくする	ryūgaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	留学すれ	りゅうがくすれ	ryūgaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	留学せよ¹ 留学しろ²	りゅうがくせよ¹ りゅうがくしろ²	ryūgaku seyo¹ ryūgaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	留学される	りゅうがくされる	ryūgaku sareru
Causative	留学させる留学さす	りゅうがくさせるりゅうがくさす	ryūgaku saseru ryūgaku sasu
Potential	留学できる	りゅうがくできる	ryūgaku dekiru
Volitional	留学しよう	りゅうがくしよう	ryūgaku shiyō
Negative	留学しない	りゅうがくしない	ryūgaku shinai
Negative continuative	留学せず	りゅうがくせず	ryūgaku sezu
Formal	留学します	りゅうがくします	ryūgaku shimasu
Perfective	留学した	りゅうがくした	ryūgaku shita
Conjunctive	留学して	りゅうがくして	ryūgaku shite
Hypothetical conditional	留学すれば	りゅうがくすれば	ryūgaku sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

“留学”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN