敏
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Translingual
Han character
敏 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7 in Chinese, 攴+6 in Japanese, 11 strokes in Chinese, 10 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人卜人大 (OYOK), four-corner 88540, composition ⿰每攵 or ⿰毎攵)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 471, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13202
- Dae Jaweon: page 823, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1463, character 1
- Unihan data for U+654F
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
敏 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 勄 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 敏 |
|---|
| Western Zhou |
| Bronze inscriptions |
Characters in the same phonetic series (母) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 脢 | *mɯːs, *mɯː, *mɯːs |
| 挴 | *mlɯːʔ, *mɯːʔ |
| 海 | *hmlɯːʔ |
| 毐 | *ʔmɯː, *ʔmɯːʔ |
| 呣 | *mɯ |
| 拇 | *mɯʔ |
| 母 | *mɯʔ |
| 胟 | *mɯʔ |
| 姆 | *mɯʔ, *mɯs, *maːʔ |
| 畮 | *mɯʔ |
| 踇 | *mɯʔ |
| 苺 | *mɯs, *mɯːʔ, *mɯːs |
| 莓 | *mɯs, *mɯː, *mɯːs |
| 敏 | *mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ |
| 鰵 | *mrɯŋʔ |
| 慜 | *mrɯŋʔ |
| 毋 | *ma |
| 梅 | *mɯː |
| 酶 | *mɯː |
| 鋂 | *mɯː |
| 每 | *mɯːʔ |
| 毎 | *mɯːs |
| 痗 | *mɯːs, *hmɯːs |
| 晦 | *hmɯːs |
| 誨 | *hmɯːs |
| 悔 | *hmɯːʔ, *hmɯːs |
| 霉 | *mrɯl |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ): phonetic 每 (OC *mɯːʔ) + semantic 攴 (“hand; action”). The 攴 component was sometimes written as 又 (“hand”) in early writing.
Etymology
Compare Burmese မြန် (mran, “quick, fast”) (Luce, 1981).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): min3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ming2
- Northern Min (KCR): měng
- Eastern Min (BUC): mīng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ming3
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): man5
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): min3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
- Wade–Giles: min3
- Yale: mǐn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
- Palladius: минь (minʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /min²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: min3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: min
- Sinological IPA (key): /min⁵³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: mìn
- Sinological IPA (key): /miẽ⁵³/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: mǐn
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): min3
- Sinological IPA (key): /mĩ¹¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: man5
- Yale: máhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: man5
- Guangdong Romanization: men5
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɐn¹³/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: man5
- Sinological IPA (key): /mɐn¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: men4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵐben²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mén
- Hakka Romanization System: menˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: men3
- Sinological IPA: /men³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: menˊ
- Sinological IPA: /men²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: mên3
- Sinological IPA: /mɛn³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: měng
- Sinological IPA (key): /meiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bín
- Tâi-lô: bín
- Phofsit Daibuun: bien
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /bin⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /bin⁵⁵⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /bin⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: miang2 / miêng2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: miáng / miéng
- Sinological IPA (key): /miaŋ⁵²/, /mieŋ⁵²/
- (Hokkien)
Note:
- miang2 - Shantou;
- miêng2 - Chaozhou.
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: mieng2
- Sinological IPA: /mieŋ³¹/
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: man5
- Sinological IPA (key): /mən²⁴/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- Xiang
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: minX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mrə[n]ʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*mrɯʔ/, /*mrɯŋʔ/
Definitions
敏
Compounds
- 不敏 (bùmǐn)
- 伶俐聰敏 / 伶俐聪敏
- 俊敏
- 光敏作用
- 光敏症
- 勤敏
- 士敏土 (shìmǐntǔ)
- 心閑手敏 / 心闲手敏
- 恪敏
- 才思敏捷 (cáisīmǐnjié)
- 敏士
- 敏感 (mǐngǎn)
- 敏感度
- 敏感話題 / 敏感话题
- 敏慧 (mǐnhuì)
- 敏捷 (mǐnjié)
- 敏於伎 / 敏于伎
- 敏給 / 敏给
- 敏練慈愷 / 敏练慈恺
- 敏豆 (mǐndòu)
- 敏贍 / 敏赡
- 敏銳 / 敏锐 (mǐnruì)
- 敬謝不敏 / 敬谢不敏
- 機敏 / 机敏 (jīmǐn)
- 熱敏性 / 热敏性
- 熱敏電阻 / 热敏电阻 (rèmǐn diànzǔ)
- 神經過敏 / 神经过敏 (shénjīng guòmǐn)
- 穎敏 / 颖敏
- 精敏
- 聰敏 / 聪敏 (cōngmǐn)
- 膚敏 / 肤敏
- 西敏宮 / 西敏宫
- 西敏寺 (Xīmǐnsì)
- 辨敏
- 過敏 / 过敏 (guòmǐn)
- 過敏原 / 过敏原 (guòmǐnyuán)
- 遜志時敏 / 逊志时敏
- 銳敏 / 锐敏 (ruìmǐn)
- 開敏 / 开敏
- 靈敏 / 灵敏 (língmǐn)
- 靈敏度 / 灵敏度
Japanese
| Shinjitai | 敏 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] |
敏 敏or 敏+ ︀?
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| 敏󠄀 敏+ 󠄀?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
| 敏󠄃 敏+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
敏
(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 敏)
Readings
- Go-on: みん (min)
- Kan-on: びん (bin, Jōyō)
- Kun: さとい (satoi, 敏い)←さとし (satosi, 敏し, historical)、とし (toshi, 敏し)
- Nanori: あきら (akira)、さと (sato)、さとし (satoshi)、すすむ (susumu)、つとむ (tsutomu)、と (to)、とし (toshi)、はや (haya)、はやし (hayashi)、はる (haru)、みぬ (minu)、ゆき (yuki)、よし (yoshi)
Compounds
- 敏感 (binkan, “sensitivity”)
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 敏 |
| びん Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 敏 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 敏 (MC minX).
Pronunciation
Adjective
敏 • (bin) -na (adnominal 敏な (bin na), adverbial 敏に (bin ni))
Inflection
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 敏だろ | びんだろ | bin daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 敏で | びんで | bin de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 敏だ | びんだ | bin da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 敏な | びんな | bin na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 敏なら | びんなら | bin nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 敏であれ | びんであれ | bin de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 敏ではない 敏じゃない |
びんではない びんじゃない |
bin de wa nai bin ja nai |
| Informal past | 敏だった | びんだった | bin datta |
| Informal negative past | 敏ではなかった 敏じゃなかった |
びんではなかった びんじゃなかった |
bin de wa nakatta bin ja nakatta |
| Formal | 敏です | びんです | bin desu |
| Formal negative | 敏ではありません 敏じゃありません |
びんではありません びんじゃありません |
bin de wa arimasen bin ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 敏でした | びんでした | bin deshita |
| Formal negative past | 敏ではありませんでした 敏じゃありませんでした |
びんではありませんでした びんじゃありませんでした |
bin de wa arimasen deshita bin ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 敏で | びんで | bin de |
| Conditional | 敏なら（ば） | びんなら（ば） | bin nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 敏だったら | びんだったら | bin dattara |
| Volitional | 敏だろう | びんだろう | bin darō |
| Adverbial | 敏に | びんに | bin ni |
| Degree | 敏さ | びんさ | binsa |
Noun
敏 • (bin)
Proper noun
敏 • (Satoshi)
- a male given name
References
- ^ “敏”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
敏 (eumhun 민첩할 민 (mincheophal min))
- hanja form? of 민 (“nimble, agile”)
- hanja form? of 민 (“quick-witted”)
- hanja form? of 민 (“humble, well-mannered”)
- hanja form? of 민 (“thorough”)
- hanja form? of 민 (“hardworking”)
Compounds
- 민감 (敏感, min'gam, “sensitivity”)
- 민첩성 (敏捷性, mincheopseong, “agility”)
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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