放火

Chinese

to release; to free; to let go
to release; to free; to let go; to put; to place; to let out
 
fire; angry; fierce
fire; angry; fierce; fiery; thriving
 
trad. (放火) 放 火
simp. #(放火) 放 火

Pronunciation

Verb

放⫽火 (verb-object)

  1. (intransitive) to set on fire, specifically to commit arson

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 放火 (“to set on fire; to commit arson”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 放火, 縱火
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 放火
Singapore 放火
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 放火
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 放火
Cantonese Hong Kong 放火
Gan Nanchang 放火
Lichuan 放火
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 放火
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 放火
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 放火
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 放火
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 放火
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 放火
Southern Min Xiamen 放火, 放火燒
Quanzhou 放火, 放火燒
Jinjiang 放火, 放火燒
Zhangzhou 放火, 放火燒
Taipei 放火, 放火燒
Kaohsiung 放火, 放火燒
Singapore (Hokkien) 放火, 放火燒
Manila (Hokkien) 放火, 放火燒

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (放火):
  • → Japanese: 放(ほう)火(か) (hōka)
  • → Korean: 방화(放火) (banghwa)
  • → Vietnamese: phóng hoả (放火)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
放 火
ほう
Grade: 3 		か
Grade: 1
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 放火 (MC pjangH xwaX, “let loose” + “fire”). Compare modern Chinese 放火 (fànghuǒ).

Pronunciation

Noun

放(ほう)火(か) • (hōka) ←はうくわ (faukwa)?

  1. arson, setting fire to something

Derived terms

Verb

放(ほう)火(か)する • (hōka suru) ←はうくわ (faukwa)?intransitive suru (stem 放(ほう)火(か)し (hōka shi), past 放(ほう)火(か)した (hōka shita))

  1. to set fire to something

Conjugation

Conjugation of "放火する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 放火し ほうかし hōka shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 放火し ほうかし hōka shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 放火する ほうかする hōka suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 放火する ほうかする hōka suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 放火すれ ほうかすれ hōka sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 放火せよ¹
放火しろ² 		ほうかせよ¹
ほうかしろ² 		hōka seyo¹
hōka shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 放火される ほうかされる hōka sareru
Causative 放火させる
放火さす 		ほうかさせる
ほうかさす 		hōka saseru
hōka sasu
Potential 放火できる ほうかできる hōka dekiru
Volitional 放火しよう ほうかしよう hōka shiyō
Negative 放火しない ほうかしない hōka shinai
Negative continuative 放火せず ほうかせず hōka sezu
Formal 放火します ほうかします hōka shimasu
Perfective 放火した ほうかした hōka shita
Conjunctive 放火して ほうかして hōka shite
Hypothetical conditional 放火すれば ほうかすれば hōka sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  2. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
放火

Noun

放火 • (banghwa) (hangeul 방화)

  1. hanja form? of 방화 (“arson”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
放火

Verb

放火

  1. chữ Hán form of phóng hoả (“to set fire”)
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