拘泥

Chinese

		adhere; capture; restrain	restrained; mud; paste restrained; mud; paste; pulp
trad. (拘泥)		拘	泥
simp. ^#(拘泥)		拘	泥

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jūnì

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄋㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): keoi¹ nei⁶ / keoi¹ nai⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ku-nī / khi-nī

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jūnì
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄋㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyunì
  - Wade–Giles: chü¹-ni⁴
  - Yale: jyū-nì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiunih
  - Palladius: цзюйни (czjujni)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy⁵⁵ ni⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: keoi¹ nei⁶ / keoi¹ nai⁴
  - Yale: kēui neih / kēui nàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: koey¹ nei⁶ / koey¹ nai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: kêu¹ néi⁶ / kêu¹ nei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɵy̯⁵⁵ nei̯²²/, /kʰɵy̯⁵⁵ nɐi̯²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ku-nī
  - Tâi-lô: ku-nī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kuni
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ku⁴⁴⁻²² nĩ²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ku³³ nĩ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khi-nī
  - Tâi-lô: khi-nī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qini
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰi⁴⁴⁻²² nĩ²²/

Verb

拘泥

to rigidly adhere to; to rely solely on; to cling to

Adjective

拘泥

stubborn; inflexible; particular
reserved; unnatural; constrained

Synonyms

(stubborn):

乖張 / 乖张 (guāizhāng)
剺揭 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
固執 / 固执 (gùzhi)
圓櫼 / 圆櫼 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
執一癖 / 执一癖 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
執性 / 执性 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
執拗 / 执拗 (zhíniù)
執死板 / 执死板 (Xiamen Hokkien)
執癖 / 执癖 (Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
執著 / 执著 (zhízhuó)
執訣 / 执诀 (Taiwanese Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
悻直 (xìngzhí) (literary)
愚躕 / 愚蹰 (Min Nan)
拘執 / 拘执 (jūzhí) (literary)
死硬 (sǐyìng)
確切 / 确切 (quèqiè) (literary)
耿性 (gang² lhen¹) (Taishanese)
蠻皮 / 蛮皮 (mánpí)
頑固 / 顽固 (wángù)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (拘泥):

→ Japanese: 拘泥(こうでい) (kōdei)
→ Korean: 구니(拘泥) (guni)
→ Vietnamese: câu nệ (拘泥)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
拘	泥
こう Grade: S	でい Grade: S
on'yomi

Noun

拘(こう)泥(でい) • (kōdei)

being particular, being a stickler for details

Verb

拘(こう)泥(でい)する • (kōdei suru) suru (stem 拘(こう)泥(でい)し (kōdei shi), past 拘(こう)泥(でい)した (kōdei shita))

to be particular

Conjugation

Conjugation of "拘泥する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	拘泥し	こうでいし	kōdei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	拘泥し	こうでいし	kōdei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	拘泥する	こうでいする	kōdei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	拘泥する	こうでいする	kōdei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	拘泥すれ	こうでいすれ	kōdei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	拘泥せよ¹ 拘泥しろ²	こうでいせよ¹ こうでいしろ²	kōdei seyo¹ kōdei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	拘泥される	こうでいされる	kōdei sareru
Causative	拘泥させる拘泥さす	こうでいさせるこうでいさす	kōdei saseru kōdei sasu
Potential	拘泥できる	こうでいできる	kōdei dekiru
Volitional	拘泥しよう	こうでいしよう	kōdei shiyō
Negative	拘泥しない	こうでいしない	kōdei shinai
Negative continuative	拘泥せず	こうでいせず	kōdei sezu
Formal	拘泥します	こうでいします	kōdei shimasu
Perfective	拘泥した	こうでいした	kōdei shita
Conjunctive	拘泥して	こうでいして	kōdei shite
Hypothetical conditional	拘泥すれば	こうでいすれば	kōdei sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“拘泥”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
拘	泥

Noun

拘泥 • (guni) (hangeul 구니)

hanja form^? of 구니 (“obsession”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
拘	泥

Adjective

拘泥

chữ Hán form of câu nệ (“fussy; finicky; inflexible”)