憂慮
See also: 忧虑
Chinese
| worried | anxiety | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (憂慮) | 憂 | 慮 | |
| simp. (忧虑) | 忧 | 虑 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jau1 leoi6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yù-li
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): iu1 ly5
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yōulǜ
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄡ ㄌㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: youlyù
- Wade–Giles: yu1-lü4
- Yale: yōu-lyù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iouliuh
- Palladius: юлюй (juljuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /joʊ̯⁵⁵ ly⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jau1 leoi6
- Yale: yāu leuih
- Cantonese Pinyin: jau1 loey6
- Guangdong Romanization: yeo1 lêu6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵ lɵy̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù-li
- Hakka Romanization System: iuˇ li
- Hagfa Pinyim: yiu2 li4
- Sinological IPA: /i̯u¹¹ li⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù-li
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iuˇ li
- Hagfa Pinyim: yiu2 li4
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u¹¹ li⁵⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: iu1 ly5 [Phonetic: iu2 ly5]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: iu-lṳ̄
- Sinological IPA (key): /iu⁵³³⁻¹³ ly¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: iu1 ly5 [Phonetic: iu2 ly5]
- Sinological IPA (key): /iu⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ly²¹/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iu-lū
- Tâi-lô: iu-lū
- Phofsit Daibuun: iulu
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /iu⁴⁴⁻²² lu²²/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ lu³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iu-līr
- Tâi-lô: iu-līr
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /iu³³ lɯ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iu-lī
- Tâi-lô: iu-lī
- Phofsit Daibuun: iuli
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu⁴⁴⁻²² li²²/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: iu1 le6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iu lṳ̆
- Sinological IPA (key): /iu³³⁻²³ lɯ³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
- Middle Chinese: 'juw ljoH
Verb
憂慮
- to worry; to be anxious; to be concerned; to be apprehensive
Synonyms
- 孜煎 (zījiān) (literary)
- 干掛 (Puxian Min)
- 怕
- 急 (jí)
- 急眼 (jíyǎn) (colloquial)
- 恐怕 (kǒngpà)
- 患 (huàn) (literary, or in compounds)
- 愁 (chóu)
- 憂心 / 忧心 (yōuxīn)
- 懸心 / 悬心 (xuánxīn)
- 掛心 / 挂心 (guàxīn)
- 掛礙 / 挂碍 (guà'ài)
- 提心 (tíxīn)
- 揪心 (jiūxīn)
- 擔心 / 担心 (dānxīn)
- 擔憂 / 担忧 (dānyōu)
- 燒心 / 烧心 (shāoxīn) (regional or dated)
- 犯愁 (fànchóu)
- 疑慮 / 疑虑 (yílǜ)
- 發急 / 发急 (fājí)
- 發愁 / 发愁 (fāchóu)
- 發極 / 发极 (7faq 8jiq) (Wu)
- 著急 / 着急 (zháojí)
- 起急 (qǐjí) (colloquial)
- 顧慮 / 顾虑 (gùlǜ)
Antonyms
- 放心 (fàngxīn)
Derived terms
- 憂慮症 / 忧虑症
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 憂 | 慮 |
| ゆう Grade: S |
りょ Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [jɯ̟ːɾʲo̞]
Noun
憂慮 • (yūryo)
Verb
憂慮する • (yūryo suru) transitive suru (stem 憂慮し (yūryo shi), past 憂慮した (yūryo shita))
- to be anxious; to be concerned; to be apprehensive (about something)
- 2025 April 2, 阿部圭史, quotee, “第217回国会 衆議院 厚生労働委員会 第6号 令和7年4月2日”, in 国会会議録検索システム[1], 国立国会図書館, retrieved 3 January 2026:
- 実際、厚労省など、感染症危機管理に関係する方々からも、そのような状況を憂慮する声が聞かれております。
- Jissai, Kōrōshō nado, kansenshō kiki kanri ni kankei suru katagata kara mo, sono yō na jōkyō o yūryo suru koe ga kikarete ori masu.
- In fact, voices of concern about such a situation have been heard from those involved in infectious disease crisis management, such as the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 憂慮し | ゆうりょし | yūryo shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 憂慮し | ゆうりょし | yūryo shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 憂慮する | ゆうりょする | yūryo suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 憂慮する | ゆうりょする | yūryo suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 憂慮すれ | ゆうりょすれ | yūryo sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 憂慮せよ¹ 憂慮しろ² |
ゆうりょせよ¹ ゆうりょしろ² |
yūryo seyo¹ yūryo shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 憂慮される | ゆうりょされる | yūryo sareru |
| Causative | 憂慮させる 憂慮さす |
ゆうりょさせる ゆうりょさす |
yūryo saseru yūryo sasu |
| Potential | 憂慮できる | ゆうりょできる | yūryo dekiru |
| Volitional | 憂慮しよう | ゆうりょしよう | yūryo shiyō |
| Negative | 憂慮しない | ゆうりょしない | yūryo shinai |
| Negative continuative | 憂慮せず | ゆうりょせず | yūryo sezu |
| Formal | 憂慮します | ゆうりょします | yūryo shimasu |
| Perfective | 憂慮した | ゆうりょした | yūryo shita |
| Conjunctive | 憂慮して | ゆうりょして | yūryo shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 憂慮すれば | ゆうりょすれば | yūryo sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- “憂慮”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026