失明
Chinese
| to lose; to miss; to fail | clear; bright; to understand clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (失明) |
失 | 明 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shīmíng
- Zhuyin: ㄕ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shihmíng
- Wade–Giles: shih1-ming2
- Yale: shr̄-míng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyming
- Palladius: шимин (šimin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: sat1 ming4
- Yale: sāt mìhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: sat7 ming4
- Guangdong Romanization: sed1 ming4
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐt̚⁵ mɪŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳt-mìn
- Hakka Romanization System: siidˋ minˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sid5 min2
- Sinological IPA: /sɨt̚² min¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit-bêng
- Tâi-lô: sit-bîng
- Phofsit Daibuun: sitbeeng
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ biɪŋ²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /sit̚³²⁻⁵ biɪŋ¹³/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ²⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ biɪŋ²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sig4 mêng5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sik mêng
- Sinological IPA (key): /sik̚²⁻⁴ meŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
失明
- to become blind; to lose one's sight
- 左丘失明，厥有國語；…… [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Zuǒqiū shīmíng, jué yǒu Guóyǔ;...... [Pinyin]
- Zuoqiu lost his sight, so we have Discourses of the States; [...]
左丘失明，厥有国语；…… [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 瞎眼 (“(to be) blind”) [map]
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 失 | 明 |
| しつ Grade: 4 |
めい Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
失明 • (shitsumei)
See also
- 盲 (mō)
Verb
失明する • (shitsumei suru) suru (stem 失明し (shitsumei shi), past 失明した (shitsumei shita))
- to lose sight
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 失明し | しつめいし | shitsumei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 失明し | しつめいし | shitsumei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 失明する | しつめいする | shitsumei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 失明する | しつめいする | shitsumei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 失明すれ | しつめいすれ | shitsumei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 失明せよ¹ 失明しろ² |
しつめいせよ¹ しつめいしろ² |
shitsumei seyo¹ shitsumei shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 失明される | しつめいされる | shitsumei sareru |
| Causative | 失明させる 失明さす |
しつめいさせる しつめいさす |
shitsumei saseru shitsumei sasu |
| Potential | 失明できる | しつめいできる | shitsumei dekiru |
| Volitional | 失明しよう | しつめいしよう | shitsumei shiyō |
| Negative | 失明しない | しつめいしない | shitsumei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 失明せず | しつめいせず | shitsumei sezu |
| Formal | 失明します | しつめいします | shitsumei shimasu |
| Perfective | 失明した | しつめいした | shitsumei shita |
| Conjunctive | 失明して | しつめいして | shitsumei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 失明すれば | しつめいすれば | shitsumei sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
- “失明”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026