嘗試

See also: 尝试

Chinese

to taste; flavour; indicator of past tense
to taste; flavour; indicator of past tense; already; ever; once; test; formerly
 
to test; to try; experiment
to test; to try; experiment; examination; test
 
trad. (嘗試) 嘗 試
simp. (尝试) 尝 试
anagram 試嘗／试尝

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 嘗 試
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 陽 (105) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 市羊切 式吏切
Baxter dzyang syiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʑɨɐŋ/ /ɕɨH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ʑiɐŋ/ /ɕɨH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʑiɑŋ/ /ɕieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ʑɨaŋ/ /ɕɨH/
Li
Rong 		/ʑiaŋ/ /ɕiəH/
Wang
Li 		/ʑĭaŋ/ /ɕĭəH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʑi̯aŋ/ /ɕiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		cháng shì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		soeng4 si3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 嘗 試
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		cháng shì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzyang › ‹ syiH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Cə.daŋ/ /*l̥ək-s/
English taste (v.) test, try

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 嘗 試
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11153 14971
Phonetic
component 		尚 弋
Rime
group 		陽 代
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		常 試
Old
Chinese 		/*djaŋ/ /*hljɯɡs/
Notes 同甞

Verb

嘗試

  1. to attempt; to try
    他們為了解決這個問題，嘗試過各種方法。 [MSC, trad.]
    他们为了解决这个问题，尝试过各种方法。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tāmen wèile jiějué zhège wèntí, chángshì guò gèzhǒng fāngfǎ. [Pinyin]
    They have tried every method to solve this problem.
    我一直在嘗試努力，可結果總是不盡人意。 [MSC, trad.]
    我一直在尝试努力，可结果总是不尽人意。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ yīzhí zài chángshì nǔlì, kě jiéguǒ zǒngshì bùjìn rényì. [Pinyin]
    I have been putting in a lot of effort, but the results are always less than satisfactory.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (嘗試):
  • → Japanese: 嘗(しょう)試(し) (shōshi)
  • → Korean: 상시(嘗試) (sangsi)

References

  • 周长楫 [Zhōu, Chángjí], editor (2006), “尝试”, in 闽南方言大词典 MINNAN FANGYAN DA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Southern Min dialects] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Fuzhou: 福建人民出版社 [Fujian People's Publishing House], →ISBN, page 759.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
嘗 試
しょう
Jinmeiyō 		し
Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

嘗(しょう)試(し) • (shōshi) ←しやうし (syausi)?

  1. attempt; try

Verb

嘗(しょう)試(し)する • (shōshi suru) ←しやうし (syausi)?suru (stem 嘗(しょう)試(し)し (shōshi shi), past 嘗(しょう)試(し)した (shōshi shita))

  1. to attempt; to try

Conjugation

Conjugation of "嘗試する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 嘗試し しょうしし shōshi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 嘗試し しょうしし shōshi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 嘗試する しょうしする shōshi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 嘗試する しょうしする shōshi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 嘗試すれ しょうしすれ shōshi sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 嘗試せよ¹
嘗試しろ² 		しょうしせよ¹
しょうししろ² 		shōshi seyo¹
shōshi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 嘗試される しょうしされる shōshi sareru
Causative 嘗試させる
嘗試さす 		しょうしさせる
しょうしさす 		shōshi saseru
shōshi sasu
Potential 嘗試できる しょうしできる shōshi dekiru
Volitional 嘗試しよう しょうししよう shōshi shiyō
Negative 嘗試しない しょうししない shōshi shinai
Negative continuative 嘗試せず しょうしせず shōshi sezu
Formal 嘗試します しょうしします shōshi shimasu
Perfective 嘗試した しょうしした shōshi shita
Conjunctive 嘗試して しょうしして shōshi shite
Hypothetical conditional 嘗試すれば しょうしすれば shōshi sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
嘗試

Noun

嘗試 • (sangsi) (hangeul 상시)

  1. hanja form? of 상시
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