吮
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Translingual
Han character
吮 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口戈竹山 (RIHU), four-corner 63010, composition ⿰口允)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 178, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3356
- Dae Jaweon: page 396, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 597, character 4
- Unihan data for U+542E
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
吮 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 損／损 Cantonese, nonstandard | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 吮 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Characters in the same phonetic series (允) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 唆 | *sloːl |
| 梭 | *sloːl |
| 葰 | *sloːlʔ, *sroːlʔ, *slul |
| 誜 | *sroːls |
| 朘 | *ʔslon |
| 捘 | *ʔsluːls, *ʔsluːns, *sʰlun |
| 荾 | *slul |
| 酸 | *sloːn |
| 狻 | *sloːn |
| 痠 | *sloːn |
| 鋑 | *ʔslon |
| 脧 | *ʔsluːl |
| 悛 | *sʰlon |
| 吮 | *zlonʔ, *ɦljunʔ |
| 萒 | *ɡronʔ, *lonʔ |
| 沇 | *lonʔ |
| 抁 | *lonʔ |
| 馻 | *lonʔ, *lunʔ |
| 兖 | *lonʔ |
| 渷 | *lonʔ |
| 兗 | *lonʔ |
| 焌 | *ʔsluːns, *ʔsluns, *sʰlud |
| 允 | *lunʔ |
| 狁 | *lunʔ |
| 玧 | *lunʔ |
| 俊 | *ʔsluns |
| 晙 | *ʔsluns, *sluns |
| 餕 | *ʔsluns |
| 畯 | *ʔsluns |
| 駿 | *ʔsluns |
| 竣 | *sʰlun |
| 皴 | *sʰlun |
| 逡 | *sʰlun |
| 踆 | *sʰlun |
| 夋 | *sʰlun |
| 埈 | *sluns |
| 陖 | *sluns |
| 鵕 | *sluns |
| 浚 | *sluns |
| 峻 | *sluns |
Etymology 1
Probably from an extension of a Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mljəw (“to swallow, suck”); compare Burmese မျို (myui, “to swallow”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): syun5 / seon5 / cyun5
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhiôn
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chn̄g / chňg / chūiⁿ / sūn / sǔn / ún
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shǔn
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shǔn
- Wade–Giles: shun3
- Yale: shwǔn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shoen
- Palladius: шунь (šunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu̯ən²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: syun5 / seon5 / cyun5
- Yale: syúhn / séuhn / chyúhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: syn5 / soen5 / tsyn5
- Guangdong Romanization: xun5 / sên5 / qun5
- Sinological IPA (key): /syːn¹³/, /sɵn¹³/, /t͡sʰyːn¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiôn
- Hakka Romanization System: qionˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qion1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯on²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chn̄g
- Tâi-lô: tsn̄g
- Phofsit Daibuun: zng
- Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sŋ̍³³/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sŋ̍²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chňg
- Tâi-lô: tsňg
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangzhou-like accent in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chūiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tsuīnn
- Phofsit Daibuun: zvui
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡suĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sūn
- Tâi-lô: sūn
- Phofsit Daibuun: sun
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /sun²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sǔn
- Tâi-lô: sǔn
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sun²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ún
- Tâi-lô: ún
- Phofsit Daibuun: uon
- Sinological IPA (Taipei): /un⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /un⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- chn̄g/chňg/chūiⁿ - vernacular (“to lick; to land on food and feed”);
- sūn/sǔn - literary.
- Middle Chinese: zywinX, dzjwenX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*zlonʔ/, /*ɦljunʔ/
Definitions
吮
- to suck (with one's mouth)
- (Hokkien) to lick; to taste with the tongue
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to land on food and feed (of flies, mosquitoes, etc.)
Compounds
Etymology 2
| simp. and trad. |
吮 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 㖺 𦧊 啃 嗑 | |
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhńg / chhúiⁿ
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhńg
- Tâi-lô: tshńg
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhngr
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁵⁵⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhúiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tshuínn
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhvuie
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰuĩ⁴¹/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡sʰuĩ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
Definitions
吮
- (Hokkien) to pick off or strip off or scrape off edible food from inedible material like bone, shell, or seeds (usually with one's teeth and/or tongue)
- (Hokkien) to gnaw; to nibble off causing holes (by insects)
- (Hokkien) to comb; to pluck or pick off dirt (as a bird grooms itself with its beak)
- (Hokkien, figurative) to nitpick; to find fault; to be fussy
Compounds
- 𠢕吮食
- 吮字眼
- 吮排骨
- 吮査某
- 吮核
- 吮毛
- 吮瓜子
- 吮空
- 吮空吮縫 / 吮空吮缝
- 吮肉骨
- 吮錢 / 吮钱
- 吮食
- 吮骨 (shǔngǔ)
- 吮骨頭 / 吮骨头
- 吮魚頭 / 吮鱼头
References
Japanese
Kanji
吮
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
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Vietnamese
Han character
吮: Hán Nôm readings: duyện, giỏn, duyên
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