創業

See also: 创业

Chinese

		begin; initiate; inaugurate begin; initiate; inaugurate; start; create; a wound; cut; injury; trauma	business; occupation; study
trad. (創業)		創	業
simp. (创业)		创	业

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chuàngyè

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄤˋ ㄧㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cong³ jip⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhóng-ngia̍p

(Hailu, HRS): cong^ˊ ngiab^ˋ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhòng-gia̍p

(Teochew, Peng'im): cang³ ngiab⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chuàngyè
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤˋ ㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chuàngyè
  - Wade–Giles: chʻuang⁴-yeh⁴
  - Yale: chwàng-yè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuanqyeh
  - Palladius: чуанъе (čuanʺje)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cong³ jip⁶
  - Yale: chong yihp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsong³ jip⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cong³ yib⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ³³ jiːp̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhóng-ngia̍p
  - Hakka Romanization System: cong^ˋ ngiab
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cong³ ngiab⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ³¹ ŋi̯ap̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: cong^ˊ ngiab^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ²⁴⁻³³ ŋiap²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòng-gia̍p
  - Tâi-lô: tshòng-gia̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhornggiap
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ɡiap̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡiap̚²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ɡiap̚¹²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡiap̚⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡiap̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cang³ ngiab⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshàng ngia̍p
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋiap̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsrhjangH ngjaep

Rime
Character	創	業
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	初 (19)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	業 (147)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	初亮切	魚怯切
Baxter	tsrhjangH	ngjaep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰɨɐŋ^H/	/ŋɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰiɐŋ^H/	/ŋiɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰiɑŋ^H/	/ŋiɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰɨaŋ^H/	/ŋɨap̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰiaŋ^H/	/ŋiap̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰĭaŋ^H/	/ŋĭɐp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯aŋ^H/	/ŋi̯ɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chuàng	yè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cong³	jip⁶

Verb

創業

to start an undertaking; to do pioneering work; to break new ground; to start a business; to build a career; to engage in entrepreneurship; to enterprise
創業精神／创业精神 ― chuàngyè jīngshén ― enterprising spirit

自主創業／自主创业 ― zìzhǔ chuàngyè ― self-employment
- 昔人願世世無生帝王家，而毅宗之語公主，亦曰：「若何為生我家！」痛哉斯言！回思創業時其欲得天下之心，有不廢然摧沮者乎！ [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  昔人愿世世无生帝王家，而毅宗之语公主，亦曰：「若何为生我家！」痛哉斯言！回思创业时其欲得天下之心，有不废然摧沮者乎！ [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: 1663, 黃宗義 (Huang Zongxi),《原君》(On Kingship), translation based on Lin Yutang's version
  Xīrén yuàn shìshì wú shēng dìwáng jiā, ér Yìzōng zhī yù gōngzhǔ, yì yuē: “Ruò héwèi shēng wǒ jiā!” Tòng zāi sī yán! Huísī chuàngyè shí qí yù dé tiānxià zhī xīn, yǒu bù fèirán cuījǔ zhě hū! [Pinyin]
  People used to wish that they might never be born in a royal family, and the king Yitsung said once to his young princess, "Why were you doomed to be born in my family?” What a bitter confession of remorse! Is this not enough to cool off the ambition of somebody who starts out to found a dynasty?

Derived terms

創業垂統 / 创业垂统
創業守成 / 创业守成
創業投資 / 创业投资 (chuàngyè tóuzī)
創業板 / 创业板
創業維艱 / 创业维艰
創業者 / 创业者 (chuàngyèzhě)
創業興家 / 创业兴家

Related terms

創新／创新 (chuàngxīn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
創	業
そう Grade: 6	ぎょう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) そーぎょー [sòógyóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [so̞ːɡʲo̞ː]

Noun

創(そう)業(ぎょう) • (sōgyō) ^{←さうげふ (saugefu)^?}

establishment, founding of a business

Verb

創(そう)業(ぎょう)する • (sōgyō suru) suru (stem 創(そう)業(ぎょう)し (sōgyō shi), past 創(そう)業(ぎょう)した (sōgyō shita))

to establish, to found

Conjugation

Conjugation of "創業する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	創業し	そうぎょうし	sōgyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	創業し	そうぎょうし	sōgyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	創業する	そうぎょうする	sōgyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	創業する	そうぎょうする	sōgyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	創業すれ	そうぎょうすれ	sōgyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	創業せよ¹ 創業しろ²	そうぎょうせよ¹ そうぎょうしろ²	sōgyō seyo¹ sōgyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	創業される	そうぎょうされる	sōgyō sareru
Causative	創業させる創業さす	そうぎょうさせるそうぎょうさす	sōgyō saseru sōgyō sasu
Potential	創業できる	そうぎょうできる	sōgyō dekiru
Volitional	創業しよう	そうぎょうしよう	sōgyō shiyō
Negative	創業しない	そうぎょうしない	sōgyō shinai
Negative continuative	創業せず	そうぎょうせず	sōgyō sezu
Formal	創業します	そうぎょうします	sōgyō shimasu
Perfective	創業した	そうぎょうした	sōgyō shita
Conjunctive	創業して	そうぎょうして	sōgyō shite
Hypothetical conditional	創業すれば	そうぎょうすれば	sōgyō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2019), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“創業”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

[DJR4-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2019), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK8-2] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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