分散

Chinese

		to divide; minute; (a measure word) to divide; minute; (a measure word); (a unit of leng)	adjourn; scatter; leisurely adjourn; scatter; leisurely; loosen; powdered medicine; to scatter; to come loose
trad. (分散)		分	散
simp. ^#(分散)		分	散

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fēnsàn

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄣㄙㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fan¹ saan³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fûn-san
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hun-sàn / pun-sòaⁿ / hun-sòaⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fēnsàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄣㄙㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fensàn
  - Wade–Giles: fên¹-san⁴
  - Yale: fēn-sàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fensann
  - Palladius: фэньсань (fɛnʹsanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵⁵ sän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fan¹ saan³
  - Yale: fān saan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fan¹ saan³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fen¹ san³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn⁵⁵ saːn³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûn-san
  - Hakka Romanization System: fun^ˊ san
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fun¹ san⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fun²⁴⁻¹¹ san⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun-sàn
  - Tâi-lô: hun-sàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hunsaxn
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² san²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³ san⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ san¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ san²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pun-sòaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: pun-suànn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: punsvoax
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pun³³ suã⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pun⁴⁴⁻³³ suã¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pun⁴⁴⁻³³ suã²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pun⁴⁴⁻²² suã²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun-sòaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: hun-suànn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hunsvoax
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ suã¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ suã²¹/

Verb

分散

to disperse; to scatter; to decentralize
to distract; to divert
分散注意力 ― fēnsàn zhùyìlì ― to distract
to distribute
(finance, of investments) to diversify
有人建議他要分散投資方向。 [MSC, trad.]
有人建议他要分散投资方向。 [MSC, simp.]
Yǒurén jiànyì tā yào fēnsàn tóuzī fāngxiàng. [Pinyin]
He was advised to diversify his investments.

Synonyms

(to disperse):

edit

切分 (qiēfēn)
分開 / 分开 (fēnkāi)
四散 (sìsàn)
散開 / 散开 (sànkāi)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “to disperse”): (literary) 坌集 (bènjí), 聚合 (jùhé), 聚集 (jùjí), 聚攏／聚拢 (jùlǒng)

Adjective

分散

dispersed; scattered

Synonyms

edit

散漫 (literary)
零散
零星 (língxīng)
零碎 (língsuì)
零零星星 (línglíngxīngxīng)

Antonyms

edit

統一 / 统一 (tǒngyī)
集中 (jízhōng)

Derived terms

分散式 (fēnsànshì)
分散計劃 / 分散计划 (fēnsàn jìhuà)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (分散):

→ Japanese: 分散(ぶんさん) (bunsan)
→ Korean: 분산(分散) (bunsan)
→ Vietnamese: phân tán (分散)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
分	散
ぶん Grade: 2	さん Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぶんさん [bùńsáń] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [bɯ̟̃ɰ̃sã̠ɴ]

Noun

分(ぶん)散(さん) • (bunsan)

dispersion
(physics, chemistry) dispersion
(mathematics) variance
liquidation of property or assets after bankruptcy

Verb

分(ぶん)散(さん)する • (bunsan suru) suru (stem 分(ぶん)散(さん)し (bunsan shi), past 分(ぶん)散(さん)した (bunsan shita))

to disperse
(physics, chemistry) to disperse
to sell off property or assets after bankruptcy

Conjugation

Conjugation of "分散する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	分散し	ぶんさんし	bunsan shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	分散し	ぶんさんし	bunsan shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	分散する	ぶんさんする	bunsan suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	分散する	ぶんさんする	bunsan suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	分散すれ	ぶんさんすれ	bunsan sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	分散せよ¹ 分散しろ²	ぶんさんせよ¹ ぶんさんしろ²	bunsan seyo¹ bunsan shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	分散される	ぶんさんされる	bunsan sareru
Causative	分散させる分散さす	ぶんさんさせるぶんさんさす	bunsan saseru bunsan sasu
Potential	分散できる	ぶんさんできる	bunsan dekiru
Volitional	分散しよう	ぶんさんしよう	bunsan shiyō
Negative	分散しない	ぶんさんしない	bunsan shinai
Negative continuative	分散せず	ぶんさんせず	bunsan sezu
Formal	分散します	ぶんさんします	bunsan shimasu
Perfective	分散した	ぶんさんした	bunsan shita
Conjunctive	分散して	ぶんさんして	bunsan shite
Hypothetical conditional	分散すれば	ぶんさんすれば	bunsan sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

“分散”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026