克己
Chinese
gram; subdue; to restrain gram; subdue; to restrain; to overcome |
6th heavenly stem; self | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (克己) |
克 | 己 | |
| alternative forms | 剋己／克己 刻己 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hak1 gei2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiet-kí / khiat-kí
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khiak-kí / khek-kí
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: kèjǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˋ ㄐㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kèjǐ
- Wade–Giles: kʻo4-chi3
- Yale: kè-jǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kehjii
- Palladius: кэцзи (kɛczi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hak1 gei2
- Yale: hāk géi
- Cantonese Pinyin: hak7 gei2
- Guangdong Romanization: heg1 géi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐk̚⁵ kei̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet-kí
- Hakka Romanization System: kiedˋ giˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5 gi3
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚² ki³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat-kí
- Hakka Romanization System: kiadˋ giˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5 gi3
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚² ki³¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak-kí
- Tâi-lô: khiak-kí
- Phofsit Daibuun: qiakkie
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ ki⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khek-kí
- Tâi-lô: khik-kí
- Phofsit Daibuun: qekkie
- Sinological IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ki⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ki⁴¹/
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ ki⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Verb
克己
- to control one's desires; to practice self-restraint
Adjective
克己
Synonyms
- 仔細 / 仔细 (zǐxì) (Northeastern Mandarin)
- 做人家 (Wu)
- 儉 / 俭 (jiǎn) (Hsinchu & Taichung Hokkien)
- 儉樸 / 俭朴 (jiǎnpǔ) (thrifty and simple)
- 儉省 / 俭省 (jiǎnshěng)
- 儉約 / 俭约 (jiǎnyuē) (literary)
- 刻苦 (kèkǔ)
- 抾拾 (Hokkien)
- 樸素 / 朴素 (pǔsù)
- 省儉 / 省俭 (shěngjiǎn)
- 節儉 / 节俭 (jiéjiǎn)
- 節省 / 节省 (jiéshěng)
- 節約 / 节约 (jiéyuē)
- 簡省 / 简省 (Hokkien)
- 粒積 / 粒积 (Hokkien)
- 𧺤儉 / 𧺤俭 (Hokkien)
Noun
克己
Synonyms
Derived terms
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 克 | 己 |
| こく > こっ Grade: S |
き Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
- control of one's desires; self-restraint
Verb
克己する • (kokki suru) ←こくき (kokuki)?suru (stem 克己し (kokki shi), past 克己した (kokki shita))
- to control one's desires; to practice self-restraint
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 克己し | こっきし | kokki shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 克己し | こっきし | kokki shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 克己する | こっきする | kokki suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 克己する | こっきする | kokki suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 克己すれ | こっきすれ | kokki sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 克己せよ¹ 克己しろ² |
こっきせよ¹ こっきしろ² |
kokki seyo¹ kokki shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 克己される | こっきされる | kokki sareru |
| Causative | 克己させる 克己さす |
こっきさせる こっきさす |
kokki saseru kokki sasu |
| Potential | 克己できる | こっきできる | kokki dekiru |
| Volitional | 克己しよう | こっきしよう | kokki shiyō |
| Negative | 克己しない | こっきしない | kokki shinai |
| Negative continuative | 克己せず | こっきせず | kokki sezu |
| Formal | 克己します | こっきします | kokki shimasu |
| Perfective | 克己した | こっきした | kokki shita |
| Conjunctive | 克己して | こっきして | kokki shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 克己すれば | こっきすれば | kokki sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 克 | 己 |
| かつ Grade: S |
み Grade: 6 |
Proper noun
克己 • (Katsumi)
- a male given name
References
- “克己”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 克 | 己 |
Noun
克己 • (geukgi) (hangeul 극기)
- hanja form? of 극기 (“self-control, self-restraint”)