Translingual
Han character
仗 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人十大 (OJK), four-corner 25200, composition ⿰亻丈)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 92, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 371
- Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 113, character 2
- Unihan data for U+4ED7
Chinese
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (
丈)
(Zhengzhang, 2003)
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|
Old Chinese
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| 丈
|
*daŋʔ
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| 杖
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*daŋʔ
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| 仗
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*daŋʔ, *daŋs
|
Etymology
Derived from 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) "cane, staff", with suffix *-s → *-h → 去聲/去声 (qùshēng), attested in Zuozhuan as 杖 (zhàng) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for etymology.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): zhàng (zhang4)
- (Zhuyin): ㄓㄤˋ
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zang4
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): zhāng
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): zhān
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җон (žon, III)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zoeng6 / zoeng3
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): zoeng3
- Gan (Wiktionary): zong4
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): cong3
- Jin (Wiktionary): zon3
- Northern Min (KCR): dio̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): câng / tuóng / tuông
- Puxian Min (Xianyou, Pouseng Ping'ing): dyoeng5
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): tiǒng / tiōng / tiāng
- (Teochew, Peng'im): ziang6
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 5tsan / 6zan / 6dzan / 4zan / 4dzan / 1tsan; 2dzan / 5cian; 6jian
- (Jinhua): 5ciaon
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhan4
Note: zoeng3 - "battle" (e.g.
打仗 (
daa2 zoeng3)).
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: zong4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔŋ³⁵/
- Hakka
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zon3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sɒ̃⁴⁵/
- Northern Min
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: câng / tuóng / tuông
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑŋ²⁴²/, /tʰuɔŋ²¹³/, /tʰuɔŋ²⁴²/
- Puxian Min
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: dyoeng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tyøŋ²¹/
- Southern Min
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Yixing, Changzhou, Deqing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing)
- Wugniu: 5tsan
- MiniDict: tsan去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2tsan
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sã³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sã³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡sæ̃³⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sã³³/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sã⁵²³/
- Sinological IPA (Yixing): /t͡saŋ⁴¹²/
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡saŋ⁵²³/
- Sinological IPA (Deqing): /t͡sã⁴³⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sɑŋ⁴⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡saŋ³³/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Suzhou, Kunshan, Tongxiang)
- Wugniu: 6zan
- MiniDict: zan去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3zan
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zã²³/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /zã¹³/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /zæ̃¹³/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zã²³¹/
- Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /zã²¹³/
- Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /zã¹¹³/
- (Northern: Chongming, Xiaoshan)
- Wugniu: 6dzan
- MiniDict: dzan去
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /d͡zã³¹³/
- Sinological IPA (Xiaoshan): /d͡zã³¹/
- (Northern: Jiaxing, Haining)
- Wugniu: 4zan
- MiniDict: zan上
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /zã²¹³/
- Sinological IPA (Haining): /zã⁴²/
- (Northern: Shaoxing)
- Wugniu: 4dzan
- MiniDict: dzan上
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /d͡zaŋ¹¹³/
- (Northern: Cixi)
- Wugniu: 1tsan; 2dzan
- Sinological IPA (Cixi): /t͡sã³²⁴/, /d͡zã¹⁴/
- (Northern: Ningbo)
- Wugniu: 5cian; 6jian
- MiniDict: cian去; jian去
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕiã⁵⁵/, /d͡ʑiã¹¹³/
- (Jinhua)
- Wugniu: 5ciaon
- Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡ɕiɑŋ⁵⁵/
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: zhan4
- Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂan⁴⁵/
- Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡san⁴⁵/
| Rime
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| Character
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仗
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仗
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| Reading #
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1/2
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2/2
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| Initial (聲)
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澄 (11)
|
澄 (11)
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| Final (韻)
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陽 (105)
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陽 (105)
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| Tone (調)
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Rising (X)
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Departing (H)
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| Openness (開合)
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Open
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Open
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| Division (等)
|
III
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III
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| Fanqie
|
直兩切
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直亮切
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| Baxter
|
drjangX
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drjangH
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| Reconstructions
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Zhengzhang Shangfang
|
/ɖɨɐŋX/
|
/ɖɨɐŋH/
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Pan Wuyun
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/ɖiɐŋX/
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/ɖiɐŋH/
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Shao Rongfen
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/ȡiɑŋX/
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/ȡiɑŋH/
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Edwin Pulleyblank
|
/ɖɨaŋX/
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/ɖɨaŋH/
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Li Rong
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/ȡiaŋX/
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/ȡiaŋH/
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Wang Li
|
/ȡĭaŋX/
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/ȡĭaŋH/
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Bernhard Karlgren
|
/ȡʱi̯aŋX/
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/ȡʱi̯aŋH/
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Expected Mandarin Reflex
|
zhàng
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zhàng
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Expected Cantonese Reflex
|
zoeng6
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zoeng6
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| Zhengzhang system (2003)
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| Character
|
仗
|
仗
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| Reading #
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1/2
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2/2
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| No.
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16838
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16839
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Phonetic component
|
丈
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丈
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Rime group
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陽
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陽
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Rime subdivision
|
0
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0
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Corresponding MC rime
|
丈
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仗
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Old Chinese
|
/*daŋʔ/
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/*daŋs/
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Definitions
仗
- weaponry; weapons; arms
- to hold a weapon
- war; battle
- 打仗 ― dǎzhàng ― to fight a battle; to go to war
- (obsolete) guard; escort
- to depend; to rely
仗著自己的權力為所欲為 [MSC, trad.]
仗着自己的权力为所欲为 [MSC, simp.]- zhàng zhe zìjǐ de quánlì wéisuǒyùwéi [Pinyin]
- to rely on one's power to do whatever one wants
Compounds
- 仙仗
- 仗劍 / 仗剑 (zhàngjiàn)
- 仗勢 / 仗势 (zhàngshì)
- 仗勢凌人
- 仗勢欺人 / 仗势欺人 (zhàngshìqīrén)
- 仗恃 (zhàngshì)
- 仗托
- 仗義 / 仗义 (zhàngyì)
- 仗義執言 / 仗义执言 (zhàngyìzhíyán)
- 仗義疏財 / 仗义疏财 (zhàngyìshūcái)
- 仗義直言 / 仗义直言
- 仗義輕財 / 仗义轻财
- 仗腰子
- 仗膽兒 / 仗胆儿
- 仗衛 / 仗卫
- 仗賴 / 仗赖
- 仗馬無聲 / 仗马无声
- 仰仗 (yǎngzhàng)
- 任賢仗能 / 任贤仗能
- 作仗
- 依仗 (yīzhàng)
- 依官仗勢 / 依官仗势
- 倚仗 (yǐzhàng)
- 倚官仗勢 / 倚官仗势
- 倚財仗勢 / 倚财仗势
- 儀仗 / 仪仗 (yízhàng)
- 儀仗隊 / 仪仗队 (yízhàngduì)
- 兵仗
- 刀仗
- 勝仗 / 胜仗 (shèngzhàng)
- 大陣仗 / 大阵仗 (dàzhènzhàng)
- 天仗
- 寒蟬仗馬 / 寒蝉仗马
- 對仗 / 对仗 (duìzhàng)
- 御仗 (yùzhàng)
- 慢仗
- 慷慨仗義 / 慷慨仗义
- 憑仗 / 凭仗 (píngzhàng)
- 打仗 (dǎzhàng)
- 打勝仗 / 打胜仗
- 打敗仗 / 打败仗
- 打水仗
- 打雪仗 (dǎxuězhàng)
- 擔仗 / 担仗
- 敗仗 / 败仗 (bàizhàng)
- 明火執仗 / 明火执仗
- 槍仗手 / 枪仗手
- 死仗 (sǐzhàng)
- 沒投仰仗 / 没投仰仗
- 沒頭仰仗 / 没头仰仗
- 炮仗 (pàozhang)
- 爆仗 (bàozhàng)
- 狗仗人勢 / 狗仗人势
- 狗仗官勢 / 狗仗官势
- 疏財仗義 / 疏财仗义 (shūcái zhàngyì)
- 硬仗 (yìngzhàng)
- 立仗馬 / 立仗马
- 筆仗 / 笔仗
- 籠仗 / 笼仗
- 細仗 / 细仗
- 衛仗 / 卫仗
- 袍仗
- 負氣仗義 / 负气仗义
- 贓仗 / 赃仗
- 車仗 / 车仗
- 軍仗 / 军仗
- 輕財仗義 / 轻财仗义
- 鎧仗 / 铠仗
- 開仗 / 开仗 (kāizhàng)
- 陣仗 / 阵仗 (zhènzhàng)
References
Japanese
Kanji
仗
(Hyōgai kanji)
Readings
Usage notes
This character is not used much in modern Japanese.
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term
|
| 仗
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つえ Hyōgai
|
| kun'yomi
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of 仗 – see the following entry.
|
| 【杖】J
|
- [noun] staff, stick, walking stick, cane, stave, strove, rod, wand
- [noun] something one leans on, a support
- [noun] a cane used for corporal punishment
- [noun] a particularly shaped stirring stick used to make New Year's porridge
- [noun] the stem of a pear
- [noun] (historical) a traditional unit of length
- [noun] (historical) approximately 3 meters
- [noun] (historical) seven 尺 (shaku, traditional Japanese foot) and five 寸 (sun, traditional Japanese inch), or approximately 2.3 meters
- [noun] (historical) a traditional unit of area
- [noun] (historical) one-fifth of a 段 (tan, traditional Japanese paddy size, roughly half of an English acre), or around 237m²
Alternative spellings筇, 丈
|
|
| (This term, 仗, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
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Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term
|
| 仗
|
つわもの Hyōgai
|
| kun'yomi
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of 仗 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 仗, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
|
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term
|
| 仗
|
まわり Hyōgai
|
| kun'yomi
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of 仗 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 仗, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.)
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Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term
|
| 仗
|
じょう Hyōgai
|
| goon
|
From Middle Chinese 仗. Compare modern Mandarin 仗 (zhàng).
Pronunciation
Affix
仗 • (jō) ←ぢやう (dyau)?
- military strength
- reliable, dependable
Derived terms
- 仗旗 (jōki, “in medieval times, a special imperial flag marking occasions of special dignity, such as the first day of a new emperor's reign”)
- 仗議 (jōgi), 仗儀 (jōgi, “in the Nara period, a kind of codified conference before the imperial court, whereby nobles below the rank of minister would discuss the business of government”)
- 仗座 (jōza, “the seats of the Imperial Guard; where nobles would sit to offer counsel to the court”)
- 仗身 (jōshin, “in the Nara period, the court-appointed bodyguard of officials of fifth or higher rank”)
- 仗術 (jōjutsu, “a traditional Japanese martial art using a shortened staff: a kind of stick fighting”)
- 儀仗 (gijō, “ornamental weapon for ceremonial usage”)
Korean
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
Hanja
仗 (eum 장 (jang))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
仗: Hán Nôm readings: trượng, dượng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References