ひしゃげる
Japanese
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 拉げる 挫げる (rare) 潰げる (rare) |
Alternative forms
- ひしげる (hishigeru)
Etymology
From classical verb ひしゃぐ (hishagu).
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) ひしゃげる [hìshágéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) ひしゃげる [hìshágérú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- IPA(key): [çiɕa̠ɡe̞ɾɯ̟]
Verb
ひしゃげる • (hishageru) ←ひしやげる (fisyageru)?intransitive ichidan (stem ひしゃげ (hishage), past ひしゃげた (hishageta))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | ひしゃぐ |
| mediopassive | ひしゃげる |
- to flatten
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | ひしゃげ | hishage | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | ひしゃげ | hishage | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | ひしゃげる | hishageru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | ひしゃげる | hishageru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | ひしゃげれ | hishagere | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | ひしゃげよ¹ ひしゃげろ² |
hishageyo¹ hishagero² | |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | ひしゃげられる | hishagerareru | |
| Causative | ひしゃげさせる ひしゃげさす |
hishagesaseru hishagesasu | |
| Potential | ひしゃげられる ひしゃげれる³ |
hishagerareru hishagereru³ | |
| Volitional | ひしゃげよう | hishageyō | |
| Negative | ひしゃげない ひしゃげぬ ひしゃげん |
hishagenai hishagenu hishagen | |
| Negative continuative | ひしゃげず | hishagezu | |
| Formal | ひしゃげます | hishagemasu | |
| Perfective | ひしゃげた | hishageta | |
| Conjunctive | ひしゃげて | hishagete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | ひしゃげれば | hishagereba | |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN