ἄσβεστος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀ- (a-, “not”) +‎ σβεστός (sbestós), participle of σβέννυμι (sbénnumi, “I quench, quell”). The noun is shortened from ἄσβεστος τίτανος (ásbestos títanos).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /áz.bes.tos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈaz.bes.tos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈaz.βes.tos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈaz.ves.tos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈaz.ves.tos/

Adjective

ἄσβεστος • (ásbestos) m (feminine ἀσβέστη, neuter ἄσβεστον); first/second declension

Inflection

First and second declension of ἄσβεστος; ἀσβέστη; ἄσβεστον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ἄσβεστος ásbestos	ἀσβέστη asbéstē	ἄσβεστον ásbeston	ἀσβέστω asbéstō	ἀσβέστᾱ asbéstā	ἀσβέστω asbéstō	ἄσβεστοι ásbestoi	ἄσβεσται ásbestai	ἄσβεστᾰ ásbestă
Genitive	ἀσβέστου asbéstou	ἀσβέστης asbéstēs	ἀσβέστου asbéstou	ἀσβέστοιν asbéstoin	ἀσβέσταιν asbéstain	ἀσβέστοιν asbéstoin	ἀσβέστων asbéstōn	ἀσβέστων asbéstōn	ἀσβέστων asbéstōn
Dative	ἀσβέστῳ asbéstōi	ἀσβέστῃ asbéstēi	ἀσβέστῳ asbéstōi	ἀσβέστοιν asbéstoin	ἀσβέσταιν asbéstain	ἀσβέστοιν asbéstoin	ἀσβέστοις asbéstois	ἀσβέσταις asbéstais	ἀσβέστοις asbéstois
Accusative	ἄσβεστον ásbeston	ἀσβέστην asbéstēn	ἄσβεστον ásbeston	ἀσβέστω asbéstō	ἀσβέστᾱ asbéstā	ἀσβέστω asbéstō	ἀσβέστους asbéstous	ἀσβέστᾱς asbéstās	ἄσβεστᾰ ásbestă
Vocative	ἄσβεστε ásbeste	ἀσβέστη asbéstē	ἄσβεστον ásbeston	ἀσβέστω asbéstō	ἀσβέστᾱ asbéstā	ἀσβέστω asbéstō	ἄσβεστοι ásbestoi	ἄσβεσται ásbestai	ἄσβεστᾰ ásbestă
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	ἀσβέστως asbéstōs			ἀσβεστότερος asbestóteros			ἀσβεστότᾰτος asbestótătos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Greek: άσβεστος (ásvestos, “unquenchable”)

Noun

ἄσβεστος • (ásbestos) f (genitive ἄσβέστου); second declension

unslaked lime, calcium oxide, quicklime

Declension

Second declension of ἡ ἄσβεστος; τῆς ἀσβέστου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἄσβεστος hē ásbestos	τὼ ἀσβέστω tṑ asbéstō	αἱ ἄσβεστοι hai ásbestoi
Genitive	τῆς ἀσβέστου tês asbéstou	τοῖν ἀσβέστοιν toîn asbéstoin	τῶν ἀσβέστων tôn asbéstōn
Dative	τῇ ἀσβέστῳ tēî asbéstōi	τοῖν ἀσβέστοιν toîn asbéstoin	ταῖς ἀσβέστοις taîs asbéstois
Accusative	τὴν ἄσβεστον tḕn ásbeston	τὼ ἀσβέστω tṑ asbéstō	τᾱ̀ς ἀσβέστους tā̀s asbéstous
Vocative	ἄσβεστε ásbeste	ἀσβέστω asbéstō	ἄσβεστοι ásbestoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Greek: άσβεστος f (ásvestos, “lime”)
⇒ Greek: ασβέστιον n (asvéstion, “lime”)
- Byzantine Greek: ασβέστιν n (asbéstin)
  - Greek: ασβέστι n (asvésti), ασβέστης m (asvéstis, “lime”) (the second being a misinterpretation of the form ασβέστιν as masculine accusative ασβέστην)
  - → Russian: и́звесть f (ízvestʹ, “lime”)
- → Greek: ασβέστιο n (asvéstio, “calcium”)
→ Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (unƕapnands) (calque)
→ Latin: asbestos m
- Catalan: asbest
- Old French: abestos, abeston
  - French: asbeste
    - → Danish: asbest c
    - → Dutch: asbest n
    - → Estonian: asbest
    - → German: Asbest
      - → Russian: асбе́ст m (asbést)
    - → Norwegian: asbest
    - → Swedish: asbest c
  - → Middle Dutch: asbeston
  - → English: asbestos
  - → Middle High German: aspindē, aspindei (“wood that neither rots nor burns”); bestēōn, bestīōn, abestō, abestōn (“amianthus”)
- Portuguese: asbesto
- Spanish: asbesto
- → Esperanto: asbesto

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Inflection

Descendants

Noun

Declension

Descendants

Further reading