σβέννυμι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • σβεννύω (sbennúō)
  • κατα-σβῶσαι (kata-sbôsai)

Etymology

    Usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)gʷes- (to extinguish, quell). Cognates in this case include Sanskrit जासयति (jāsáyati, to exhaust),[1] Lithuanian gèsti (to extinguish, to go out), Irish bás (death), Proto-Slavic *gasìti (to extinguish), and Proto-Germanic *kwistiz (destruction).[2]

    Beekes accepts this theory, but notes that the existence of Hittite 𒆠𒅖𒋫𒊑 (kištāri, to be extinguished, perish), as well as the aberrant σ- in the anlaut and the uncommonness of -σβ- in the Greek inherited lexicon, suggests an alternative reconstruction of the PIE root as *ges-, if the Hittite is related to the terms above. Under this scenario, the Hittite would be grouped with the Balto-Slavic, Indic, and Celtic terms, while the Greek and Germanic would be excluded.[3]

    Pronunciation

     

    Verb

    σβέννῡμῐ • (sbénnūmĭ)

    1. (transitive) to quench, extinguish, put out
      1. to dry up
      2. to quench, quell, check
    2. (passive voice, intransitive) to be quenched, to go out
      1. to dry up
      2. to be quelled, lulled

    Inflection

    Derived terms

    • ἀνᾰσβέννῡμῐ (anăsbénnūmĭ)
    • ἀποσβέννῡμῐ (aposbénnūmĭ)
    • ἄσβεστος (ásbestos)
    • ἐκσβέννῡμῐ (eksbénnūmĭ)
    • ἐνσβέννῠμαι (ensbénnŭmai)
    • ἐπῐσβέννῠμαι (epĭsbénnŭmai)
    • εὔσβεστος (eúsbestos)
    • κᾰτᾰσβέννῡμῐ (kătăsbénnūmĭ)
    • κατασβέννῡμῐ (katasbénnūmĭ)
    • περισβέννῡμῐ (perisbénnūmĭ)
    • συσβέννῡμῐ (susbénnūmĭ)
    • σβέσῐς (sbésĭs)
    • σβεστήρ (sbestḗr)
    • σβεστήρῐος (sbestḗrĭos)
    • σβεστῐκός (sbestĭkós)
    • σβεστός (sbestós)

    Descendants

    • Greek: σβήνω (svíno)
    • Mariupol Greek: взы́гу (vzýhu)

    References

    1. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named derksen
    2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gasìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161
    3. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “σβέννυμι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1314

    Further reading